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Circulation of Type 2 Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus in China in 2018–2019
BACKGROUND: China implemented the globally synchronized switch from trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (tOPV) to bivalent OPV (bOPV) on May 1, 2016. During April 2018 to May 2019, the first outbreak caused by type 2 circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV2) after the switch occurred in Xinjiang...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8677525/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34926714 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab535 |
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author | Zhao, Hehe Ma, Xiaozhen Tang, Haishu Zhang, Yong Chen, Na Kaisaier, Wusiman Wang, Qi Wang, Cheng Zhu, Shuangli Qi, Qi Liu, Yu Ma, Qianli Yang, Qing Li, Junhan Wang, Dongyan Li, Xiaolei Xiao, Jinbo Zhu, Hui Xu, Wenbo Tong, Wenbin Yan, Dongmei |
author_facet | Zhao, Hehe Ma, Xiaozhen Tang, Haishu Zhang, Yong Chen, Na Kaisaier, Wusiman Wang, Qi Wang, Cheng Zhu, Shuangli Qi, Qi Liu, Yu Ma, Qianli Yang, Qing Li, Junhan Wang, Dongyan Li, Xiaolei Xiao, Jinbo Zhu, Hui Xu, Wenbo Tong, Wenbin Yan, Dongmei |
author_sort | Zhao, Hehe |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: China implemented the globally synchronized switch from trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (tOPV) to bivalent OPV (bOPV) on May 1, 2016. During April 2018 to May 2019, the first outbreak caused by type 2 circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV2) after the switch occurred in Xinjiang and Sichuan, China. Methods. We performed sequence analysis of VP1 and the whole genome to determine the genomic characteristics of type 2 cVDPVs, and carried out coverage surveys to assess the risk of viral propagation. Surveillance for environment and acute flaccid paralysis was intensified to enhance case ascertainment. Results. Comparison of the complete genomes between early (Xinjiang strain) and late strains (Sichuan strains) revealed that recombination pattern and reverse mutation of attenuation sites had been fixed early, but the mutations of the neutralizing antigenic sites were introduced over the circulation. The Markov Chain Monte Carlo tree showed that the cVDPV2 initial infection was April 2016, earlier than the switch. So, we speculated that the cVDPV2 was originated from tOPV recipients and spread among children with a low level of immunity against the type 2. CONCLUSIONS: The detection of this outbreak combined acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance with environmental surveillance (ES) indicates that ES should be expanded geographically to further complement AFP surveillance. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8677525 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86775252021-12-17 Circulation of Type 2 Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus in China in 2018–2019 Zhao, Hehe Ma, Xiaozhen Tang, Haishu Zhang, Yong Chen, Na Kaisaier, Wusiman Wang, Qi Wang, Cheng Zhu, Shuangli Qi, Qi Liu, Yu Ma, Qianli Yang, Qing Li, Junhan Wang, Dongyan Li, Xiaolei Xiao, Jinbo Zhu, Hui Xu, Wenbo Tong, Wenbin Yan, Dongmei Open Forum Infect Dis Major Articles BACKGROUND: China implemented the globally synchronized switch from trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (tOPV) to bivalent OPV (bOPV) on May 1, 2016. During April 2018 to May 2019, the first outbreak caused by type 2 circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV2) after the switch occurred in Xinjiang and Sichuan, China. Methods. We performed sequence analysis of VP1 and the whole genome to determine the genomic characteristics of type 2 cVDPVs, and carried out coverage surveys to assess the risk of viral propagation. Surveillance for environment and acute flaccid paralysis was intensified to enhance case ascertainment. Results. Comparison of the complete genomes between early (Xinjiang strain) and late strains (Sichuan strains) revealed that recombination pattern and reverse mutation of attenuation sites had been fixed early, but the mutations of the neutralizing antigenic sites were introduced over the circulation. The Markov Chain Monte Carlo tree showed that the cVDPV2 initial infection was April 2016, earlier than the switch. So, we speculated that the cVDPV2 was originated from tOPV recipients and spread among children with a low level of immunity against the type 2. CONCLUSIONS: The detection of this outbreak combined acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance with environmental surveillance (ES) indicates that ES should be expanded geographically to further complement AFP surveillance. Oxford University Press 2021-10-17 /pmc/articles/PMC8677525/ /pubmed/34926714 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab535 Text en © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com |
spellingShingle | Major Articles Zhao, Hehe Ma, Xiaozhen Tang, Haishu Zhang, Yong Chen, Na Kaisaier, Wusiman Wang, Qi Wang, Cheng Zhu, Shuangli Qi, Qi Liu, Yu Ma, Qianli Yang, Qing Li, Junhan Wang, Dongyan Li, Xiaolei Xiao, Jinbo Zhu, Hui Xu, Wenbo Tong, Wenbin Yan, Dongmei Circulation of Type 2 Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus in China in 2018–2019 |
title | Circulation of Type 2 Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus in China in 2018–2019 |
title_full | Circulation of Type 2 Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus in China in 2018–2019 |
title_fullStr | Circulation of Type 2 Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus in China in 2018–2019 |
title_full_unstemmed | Circulation of Type 2 Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus in China in 2018–2019 |
title_short | Circulation of Type 2 Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus in China in 2018–2019 |
title_sort | circulation of type 2 vaccine-derived poliovirus in china in 2018–2019 |
topic | Major Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8677525/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34926714 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab535 |
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