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Is Gut Microbiota a Key Player in Epilepsy Onset? A Longitudinal Study in Drug-Naive Children

Microbiota alterations have been recently investigated in individuals with epilepsy and in other neurological diseases as environmental factors that play a role, by acting through the gut-brain axis, in the pathological process. Most studies focus on the contribution of bacterial communities in refr...

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Autores principales: Ceccarani, Camilla, Viganò, Ilaria, Ottaviano, Emerenziana, Redaelli, Maria Gaia, Severgnini, Marco, Vignoli, Aglaia, Borghi, Elisa
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8677705/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34926315
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.749509
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author Ceccarani, Camilla
Viganò, Ilaria
Ottaviano, Emerenziana
Redaelli, Maria Gaia
Severgnini, Marco
Vignoli, Aglaia
Borghi, Elisa
author_facet Ceccarani, Camilla
Viganò, Ilaria
Ottaviano, Emerenziana
Redaelli, Maria Gaia
Severgnini, Marco
Vignoli, Aglaia
Borghi, Elisa
author_sort Ceccarani, Camilla
collection PubMed
description Microbiota alterations have been recently investigated in individuals with epilepsy and in other neurological diseases as environmental factors that play a role, by acting through the gut-brain axis, in the pathological process. Most studies focus on the contribution of bacterial communities in refractory epilepsy and suggest a beneficial role of ketogenic diet in modulating the gut microbiota and seizure occurrence. However, they do not evaluate whether epilepsy itself alters the gut microbiota in these patients or if the gut microbial communities could contribute as a seizure trigger. In this pilot study, we performed 16S rRNA sequencing and investigated the gut microbial communities of eight children at their seizure onset and after anti-seizure was started (one year follow-up) and we compared microbial data with seven healthy children, age- and sex-matched. In drug-naive subjects, we observed a microbial signature that shared several features with those reported in refractory epilepsy, such as an increased abundance in Akkermansia spp. and Proteobacteria and a decreased relative abundance in Faecalibacterium spp.We suggest that a bacterial-mediated proinflammatory milieu could contribute to seizure occurrence in children with new onset of epilepsy, as already reported for individuals with drug-resistant epilepsy, and that it could vary during treatment in those who are drug-responsive.
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spelling pubmed-86777052021-12-18 Is Gut Microbiota a Key Player in Epilepsy Onset? A Longitudinal Study in Drug-Naive Children Ceccarani, Camilla Viganò, Ilaria Ottaviano, Emerenziana Redaelli, Maria Gaia Severgnini, Marco Vignoli, Aglaia Borghi, Elisa Front Cell Infect Microbiol Cellular and Infection Microbiology Microbiota alterations have been recently investigated in individuals with epilepsy and in other neurological diseases as environmental factors that play a role, by acting through the gut-brain axis, in the pathological process. Most studies focus on the contribution of bacterial communities in refractory epilepsy and suggest a beneficial role of ketogenic diet in modulating the gut microbiota and seizure occurrence. However, they do not evaluate whether epilepsy itself alters the gut microbiota in these patients or if the gut microbial communities could contribute as a seizure trigger. In this pilot study, we performed 16S rRNA sequencing and investigated the gut microbial communities of eight children at their seizure onset and after anti-seizure was started (one year follow-up) and we compared microbial data with seven healthy children, age- and sex-matched. In drug-naive subjects, we observed a microbial signature that shared several features with those reported in refractory epilepsy, such as an increased abundance in Akkermansia spp. and Proteobacteria and a decreased relative abundance in Faecalibacterium spp.We suggest that a bacterial-mediated proinflammatory milieu could contribute to seizure occurrence in children with new onset of epilepsy, as already reported for individuals with drug-resistant epilepsy, and that it could vary during treatment in those who are drug-responsive. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-12-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8677705/ /pubmed/34926315 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.749509 Text en Copyright © 2021 Ceccarani, Viganò, Ottaviano, Redaelli, Severgnini, Vignoli and Borghi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cellular and Infection Microbiology
Ceccarani, Camilla
Viganò, Ilaria
Ottaviano, Emerenziana
Redaelli, Maria Gaia
Severgnini, Marco
Vignoli, Aglaia
Borghi, Elisa
Is Gut Microbiota a Key Player in Epilepsy Onset? A Longitudinal Study in Drug-Naive Children
title Is Gut Microbiota a Key Player in Epilepsy Onset? A Longitudinal Study in Drug-Naive Children
title_full Is Gut Microbiota a Key Player in Epilepsy Onset? A Longitudinal Study in Drug-Naive Children
title_fullStr Is Gut Microbiota a Key Player in Epilepsy Onset? A Longitudinal Study in Drug-Naive Children
title_full_unstemmed Is Gut Microbiota a Key Player in Epilepsy Onset? A Longitudinal Study in Drug-Naive Children
title_short Is Gut Microbiota a Key Player in Epilepsy Onset? A Longitudinal Study in Drug-Naive Children
title_sort is gut microbiota a key player in epilepsy onset? a longitudinal study in drug-naive children
topic Cellular and Infection Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8677705/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34926315
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.749509
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