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Investigating Sequential and Simultaneous Changes in Trajectories of Cognitive Decline and Depressive Symptoms

Background. The role of depression as risk factor or early symptom of cognitive decline and dementia is still debated. Exploiting longitudinal trajectories of memory recall in a large European sample, we sought to better understand the nature of simultaneous versus sequential changes in depressive s...

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Autores principales: Klee, Matthias, Leist, Anja
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8680963/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.285
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author Klee, Matthias
Leist, Anja
author_facet Klee, Matthias
Leist, Anja
author_sort Klee, Matthias
collection PubMed
description Background. The role of depression as risk factor or early symptom of cognitive decline and dementia is still debated. Exploiting longitudinal trajectories of memory recall in a large European sample, we sought to better understand the nature of simultaneous versus sequential changes in depressive symptoms alongside memory recall at older ages. Method. A total of 4,865 respondents to the SHARE survey, mean age at t1 61.5 years (SD = 7.53), completed the EURO-D depression scale and a delayed recall task across six waves spanning ~13 years. We applied k-means clustering to distinguish trajectories of depressive symptoms and delayed recall. Clusters indicating depressive and recall trajectories were included in logistic regressions to assess likelihood of parallel versus sequential change, controlling for age, gender, employment status and education. Results. Analyses revealed six distinct trajectories each for depressive symptoms and delayed recall. Visual inspections indicated that only declining recall trajectories showed increases in depressive symptoms, occurring simultaneously rather than sequentially. Using grouped declining recall trajectories as outcome, the low-increasing depressive symptoms trajectory was associated with cognitive decline (OR = 1.52 [1.11, 2.06]), whereas the stable-high depressive symptoms trajectory was associated with cognitive decline in respondents aged 60-69 years (OR = 1.78 [1.01, 3.16]). Discussion. Distinguishing trajectories in depression and recall incorporates longitudinal information able to further elucidate relationships between depression and cognition. While the findings suggest depression as a co-morbidity, attention needs to be given to a comparatively small high-stable depressive symptoms trajectory group with elevated risk of cognitive decline in their 60s.
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spelling pubmed-86809632021-12-17 Investigating Sequential and Simultaneous Changes in Trajectories of Cognitive Decline and Depressive Symptoms Klee, Matthias Leist, Anja Innov Aging Abstracts Background. The role of depression as risk factor or early symptom of cognitive decline and dementia is still debated. Exploiting longitudinal trajectories of memory recall in a large European sample, we sought to better understand the nature of simultaneous versus sequential changes in depressive symptoms alongside memory recall at older ages. Method. A total of 4,865 respondents to the SHARE survey, mean age at t1 61.5 years (SD = 7.53), completed the EURO-D depression scale and a delayed recall task across six waves spanning ~13 years. We applied k-means clustering to distinguish trajectories of depressive symptoms and delayed recall. Clusters indicating depressive and recall trajectories were included in logistic regressions to assess likelihood of parallel versus sequential change, controlling for age, gender, employment status and education. Results. Analyses revealed six distinct trajectories each for depressive symptoms and delayed recall. Visual inspections indicated that only declining recall trajectories showed increases in depressive symptoms, occurring simultaneously rather than sequentially. Using grouped declining recall trajectories as outcome, the low-increasing depressive symptoms trajectory was associated with cognitive decline (OR = 1.52 [1.11, 2.06]), whereas the stable-high depressive symptoms trajectory was associated with cognitive decline in respondents aged 60-69 years (OR = 1.78 [1.01, 3.16]). Discussion. Distinguishing trajectories in depression and recall incorporates longitudinal information able to further elucidate relationships between depression and cognition. While the findings suggest depression as a co-morbidity, attention needs to be given to a comparatively small high-stable depressive symptoms trajectory group with elevated risk of cognitive decline in their 60s. Oxford University Press 2021-12-17 /pmc/articles/PMC8680963/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.285 Text en © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Abstracts
Klee, Matthias
Leist, Anja
Investigating Sequential and Simultaneous Changes in Trajectories of Cognitive Decline and Depressive Symptoms
title Investigating Sequential and Simultaneous Changes in Trajectories of Cognitive Decline and Depressive Symptoms
title_full Investigating Sequential and Simultaneous Changes in Trajectories of Cognitive Decline and Depressive Symptoms
title_fullStr Investigating Sequential and Simultaneous Changes in Trajectories of Cognitive Decline and Depressive Symptoms
title_full_unstemmed Investigating Sequential and Simultaneous Changes in Trajectories of Cognitive Decline and Depressive Symptoms
title_short Investigating Sequential and Simultaneous Changes in Trajectories of Cognitive Decline and Depressive Symptoms
title_sort investigating sequential and simultaneous changes in trajectories of cognitive decline and depressive symptoms
topic Abstracts
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8680963/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.285
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