Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Bladder: A Rare Case Report in Asia and Review of the Literature

BACKGROUND: Primary malignant melanoma (PMM) of the bladder is extremely rare and has a poor prognosis; just 40 cases of PMM of the bladder have been recorded in the literature. We described a case of PMM of the bladder, treatment, and a review of the literature because the recommended treatment choices are not widely known. CASE PRESENTATION: An 80-year-old Thai female came in with a three-month history of pelvic pain and dysuria without extensive hematuria. She underwent transurethral excision of the bladder tumor and histologically reported malignant melanoma with no further primary sites of melanoma after computed tomography indicated a big heterogeneous enhancing mass on the posterior wall of the bladder. The patient eventually underwent anterior pelvic exenteration with ileal conduit, but metastatic disease occurred one year later. CONCLUSION: Bladder melanoma has a fatal aggressive nature. Certain diagnostic features can be obtained through histopathological investigation, immunohistochemistry, clinical history, and endoscopic evaluation. Despite a wide range of treatments, people with PMM still have a bad prognosis.