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Liquid biopsy to identify biomarkers for immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma
The past years have witnessed the vigorous development of immunotherapy, mainly immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting the programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) protein and its ligand, PD-L1, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4). Indeed, ICIs have largely revolutionized the manag...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8686238/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34930486 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40364-021-00348-y |
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author | Ao, Huang Xin, Zhang Jian, Zhou |
author_facet | Ao, Huang Xin, Zhang Jian, Zhou |
author_sort | Ao, Huang |
collection | PubMed |
description | The past years have witnessed the vigorous development of immunotherapy, mainly immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting the programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) protein and its ligand, PD-L1, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4). Indeed, ICIs have largely revolutionized the management and improved the prognosis of patients with intermediate and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, biomarker-based stratification of HCC patients for optimal response to ICI treatment is still of unmet need and again, there exists the necessity to dynamically monitor treatment effect in real-time manner. The role of conventional biomarkers in immunotherapy surveillance is largely limited by spatial and temporal tumor heterogeneity whereas liquid biopsy seems to be promising to circumvent tumor heterogeneity to identify candidate patients who may response to immunotherapy, to dynamically monitor treatment effect and to unveil resistance mechanism. Herein, we provide a thorough review about the potential utility of liquid biopsy in immunotherapy for HCC and discuss its future perspectives. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8686238 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86862382021-12-20 Liquid biopsy to identify biomarkers for immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma Ao, Huang Xin, Zhang Jian, Zhou Biomark Res Review The past years have witnessed the vigorous development of immunotherapy, mainly immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting the programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) protein and its ligand, PD-L1, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4). Indeed, ICIs have largely revolutionized the management and improved the prognosis of patients with intermediate and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, biomarker-based stratification of HCC patients for optimal response to ICI treatment is still of unmet need and again, there exists the necessity to dynamically monitor treatment effect in real-time manner. The role of conventional biomarkers in immunotherapy surveillance is largely limited by spatial and temporal tumor heterogeneity whereas liquid biopsy seems to be promising to circumvent tumor heterogeneity to identify candidate patients who may response to immunotherapy, to dynamically monitor treatment effect and to unveil resistance mechanism. Herein, we provide a thorough review about the potential utility of liquid biopsy in immunotherapy for HCC and discuss its future perspectives. BioMed Central 2021-12-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8686238/ /pubmed/34930486 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40364-021-00348-y Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Review Ao, Huang Xin, Zhang Jian, Zhou Liquid biopsy to identify biomarkers for immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma |
title | Liquid biopsy to identify biomarkers for immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma |
title_full | Liquid biopsy to identify biomarkers for immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma |
title_fullStr | Liquid biopsy to identify biomarkers for immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma |
title_full_unstemmed | Liquid biopsy to identify biomarkers for immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma |
title_short | Liquid biopsy to identify biomarkers for immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma |
title_sort | liquid biopsy to identify biomarkers for immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8686238/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34930486 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40364-021-00348-y |
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