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Legal issues and challenges in addressing the coronavirus outbreak on large cruise ships: A critical examination of port state measures
International cruises have drawn worldwide attention since the outbreak of coronavirus (COVID-19). This article first examines the legal issues, challenges and impact of the pandemic on large cruise ships, like the Diamond Princess, and then probes into corresponding pandemic preventive measures whi...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier Ltd.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8686689/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34955616 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2021.105995 |
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author | Sun, Siqi Zhao, Lijun Liz |
author_facet | Sun, Siqi Zhao, Lijun Liz |
author_sort | Sun, Siqi |
collection | PubMed |
description | International cruises have drawn worldwide attention since the outbreak of coronavirus (COVID-19). This article first examines the legal issues, challenges and impact of the pandemic on large cruise ships, like the Diamond Princess, and then probes into corresponding pandemic preventive measures which port states employ. A State is obliged under the International Health Regulations 2005 (IHR) to grant foreign cruise ships free pratique, but there is an exception when public health emergencies of international concern occur. Therefore, this article argues that a port state is not obliged to allow foreign cruise ships to dock at its port at the cost of its domestic public health safety. Regarding the Diamond Princess, the Japanese government has undertaken pandemic preventive measures upon passengers on board the ship and complied with its domestic laws, including the Japanese Quarantine Act. This article further evaluates whether a port state's pandemic preventive measures concerning cruise ships are appropriate from the perspective of law. More importantly, it is necessary to consider the characteristics and specialities of international cruise ships to improve future pandemic preventive measures against large passenger ships and cruise passengers. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8686689 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Elsevier Ltd. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86866892021-12-21 Legal issues and challenges in addressing the coronavirus outbreak on large cruise ships: A critical examination of port state measures Sun, Siqi Zhao, Lijun Liz Ocean Coast Manag Article International cruises have drawn worldwide attention since the outbreak of coronavirus (COVID-19). This article first examines the legal issues, challenges and impact of the pandemic on large cruise ships, like the Diamond Princess, and then probes into corresponding pandemic preventive measures which port states employ. A State is obliged under the International Health Regulations 2005 (IHR) to grant foreign cruise ships free pratique, but there is an exception when public health emergencies of international concern occur. Therefore, this article argues that a port state is not obliged to allow foreign cruise ships to dock at its port at the cost of its domestic public health safety. Regarding the Diamond Princess, the Japanese government has undertaken pandemic preventive measures upon passengers on board the ship and complied with its domestic laws, including the Japanese Quarantine Act. This article further evaluates whether a port state's pandemic preventive measures concerning cruise ships are appropriate from the perspective of law. More importantly, it is necessary to consider the characteristics and specialities of international cruise ships to improve future pandemic preventive measures against large passenger ships and cruise passengers. Elsevier Ltd. 2022-02-15 2021-12-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8686689/ /pubmed/34955616 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2021.105995 Text en © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. |
spellingShingle | Article Sun, Siqi Zhao, Lijun Liz Legal issues and challenges in addressing the coronavirus outbreak on large cruise ships: A critical examination of port state measures |
title | Legal issues and challenges in addressing the coronavirus outbreak on large cruise ships: A critical examination of port state measures |
title_full | Legal issues and challenges in addressing the coronavirus outbreak on large cruise ships: A critical examination of port state measures |
title_fullStr | Legal issues and challenges in addressing the coronavirus outbreak on large cruise ships: A critical examination of port state measures |
title_full_unstemmed | Legal issues and challenges in addressing the coronavirus outbreak on large cruise ships: A critical examination of port state measures |
title_short | Legal issues and challenges in addressing the coronavirus outbreak on large cruise ships: A critical examination of port state measures |
title_sort | legal issues and challenges in addressing the coronavirus outbreak on large cruise ships: a critical examination of port state measures |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8686689/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34955616 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2021.105995 |
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