Prostatic Schwannoma Presenting with Prostate-specific Antigen Elevation: A Case Report

Introduction: Schwannoma of the male genital system is very uncommon and is mostly treated by surgery. However, prostatic schwannoma presenting with elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level and treated conservatively are extremely rare. Case presentation: Herein, we present a rare case of a prostatic schwannoma in a 65-year-old man who initially presented with an elevated PSA level. Digital rectal examination revealed an enlarged prostate with a palpable hard nodule on the left side. Transrectal ultrasonography revealed an enlarged prostate with a well-defined homogeneously hypoechoic nodule in the left peripheral lobe. Biopsy was done, and histopathology revealed a prostatic schwannoma. Conservative treatment with regular image follow-up was done per the patient’s preference. Mild PSA progression but no worsening of symptoms was found in 6 years of follow-up. Conclusions: PSA elevation could be a rare presentation of prostatic schwannoma. Treatment options other than surgery, such as conservative treatment with close observation, could be feasible for these rare tumors and long-term survivorship can be achieved.