Assessment of Cytokine and Herpesvirus Level in Peri-implantitis and Healthy Patients

BACKGROUND: The present study was conducted to assess level of cytokine and herpesvirus in peri-implantitis and healthy patients. METHODOLOGY: Fifty patients with healthy dental implant (Group I) and dental implant with peri-implantitis (Group II) were enrolled. The level of interleukin (IL)-1 β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, MCP-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and herpesvirus was estimated. RESULTS: The mean IL-1 β level was 1.54 in Group I and 5.12 in Group II, IL-2 was 0.05 in Group I and 0.02 in Group II, IL-4 was 0.018 in Group I and 0.0021 in Group II, IL-6 was 0.83 in Group I and 0.92 in Group II, MCP-1 was 64.5 in Group I and 23.1 in Group II, and TNF-alpha was 1.54 in Group I and 1.05 in Group II. There was a significant higher level of TNF-alpha in virus + patients (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The cytokine level was increased in patients with peri-implantitis as compared to patients with healthy dental implants. Virus-positive patients exhibited higher cytokine levels than virus-negative patients.