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Emerging Themes in the Molecular Pathogenesis of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) are ubiquitous diarrheal pathogens that thrive in areas lacking basic human needs of clean water and sanitation. These genetically plastic organisms cause tremendous morbidity among disadvantaged young children, in the form of both acute diarrheal illness and...

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Autores principales: Fleckenstein, James M, Sheikh, Alaullah
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8687053/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34273153
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiab359
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author Fleckenstein, James M
Sheikh, Alaullah
author_facet Fleckenstein, James M
Sheikh, Alaullah
author_sort Fleckenstein, James M
collection PubMed
description Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) are ubiquitous diarrheal pathogens that thrive in areas lacking basic human needs of clean water and sanitation. These genetically plastic organisms cause tremendous morbidity among disadvantaged young children, in the form of both acute diarrheal illness and sequelae of malnutrition and growth impairment. The recent discovery of additional plasmid-encoded virulence factors and elucidation of their critical role in the molecular pathogenesis of ETEC may inform new approaches to the development of broadly protective vaccines. Although the pathogens have been closely linked epidemiologically with nondiarrheal sequelae, these conditions remain very poorly understood. Similarly, while canonical effects of ETEC toxins on cellular signaling promoting diarrhea are clear, emerging data suggest that these toxins may also drive changes in intestinal architecture and associated sequelae. Elucidation of molecular events underlying these changes could inform optimal approaches to vaccines that prevent acute diarrhea and ETEC-associated sequelae.
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spelling pubmed-86870532021-12-21 Emerging Themes in the Molecular Pathogenesis of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Fleckenstein, James M Sheikh, Alaullah J Infect Dis Enteric Diseases and Nutritional Disorders: Persisting Challenges for LMICs Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) are ubiquitous diarrheal pathogens that thrive in areas lacking basic human needs of clean water and sanitation. These genetically plastic organisms cause tremendous morbidity among disadvantaged young children, in the form of both acute diarrheal illness and sequelae of malnutrition and growth impairment. The recent discovery of additional plasmid-encoded virulence factors and elucidation of their critical role in the molecular pathogenesis of ETEC may inform new approaches to the development of broadly protective vaccines. Although the pathogens have been closely linked epidemiologically with nondiarrheal sequelae, these conditions remain very poorly understood. Similarly, while canonical effects of ETEC toxins on cellular signaling promoting diarrhea are clear, emerging data suggest that these toxins may also drive changes in intestinal architecture and associated sequelae. Elucidation of molecular events underlying these changes could inform optimal approaches to vaccines that prevent acute diarrhea and ETEC-associated sequelae. Oxford University Press 2021-07-17 /pmc/articles/PMC8687053/ /pubmed/34273153 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiab359 Text en © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Enteric Diseases and Nutritional Disorders: Persisting Challenges for LMICs
Fleckenstein, James M
Sheikh, Alaullah
Emerging Themes in the Molecular Pathogenesis of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli
title Emerging Themes in the Molecular Pathogenesis of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli
title_full Emerging Themes in the Molecular Pathogenesis of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli
title_fullStr Emerging Themes in the Molecular Pathogenesis of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli
title_full_unstemmed Emerging Themes in the Molecular Pathogenesis of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli
title_short Emerging Themes in the Molecular Pathogenesis of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli
title_sort emerging themes in the molecular pathogenesis of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli
topic Enteric Diseases and Nutritional Disorders: Persisting Challenges for LMICs
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8687053/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34273153
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiab359
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