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Prevalence, prognostic value, pathophysiology, and management of hyponatraemia in children and adolescents with COVID-19

Hyponatraemia is frequently encountered in adults with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and is associated with poor prognosis. This review aims to describe for the first time the prevalence, aetiology, prognostic value, pathophysiology, and management of hyponatraemia in children and adolescents...

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Autor principal: Tzoulis, Ploutarchos
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Mattioli 1885 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8689294/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34738553
http://dx.doi.org/10.23750/abm.v92i5.12330
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author Tzoulis, Ploutarchos
author_facet Tzoulis, Ploutarchos
author_sort Tzoulis, Ploutarchos
collection PubMed
description Hyponatraemia is frequently encountered in adults with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and is associated with poor prognosis. This review aims to describe for the first time the prevalence, aetiology, prognostic value, pathophysiology, and management of hyponatraemia in children and adolescents with COVID-19, taking into account all relevant studies published in PubMed and Cochrane Library studies until 26(th) September 2021. Literature search did not detect any studies evaluating the prevalence and prognostic value of sodium disorders in paediatric patients with COVID-19. A broader literature review showed a high prevalence of hyponatraemia in children with bacterial pneumonia, while some studies have reported that hyponatraemia is relatively common in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C). In adults with COVID-19, an inverse association between sodium and interleukin-6 levels has been found, indicating that hyponatraemia could be used as a surrogate marker for the risk of cytokine storm and may facilitate the identification of patients who could benefit from immunomodulatory agents. Studies are urgently needed to evaluate the frequency and prognostic impact of electrolyte abnormalities in children with COVID-19. In the meantime, clinicians are urged to consider hyponatraemia in children with COVID-19 as a potential red flag, investigate the cause and administer fluids and other therapies accordingly. (www.actabiomedica.it)
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spelling pubmed-86892942022-01-06 Prevalence, prognostic value, pathophysiology, and management of hyponatraemia in children and adolescents with COVID-19 Tzoulis, Ploutarchos Acta Biomed Pediatric Endocrinology Update (Editor: Vincenzo De Sanctis) Hyponatraemia is frequently encountered in adults with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and is associated with poor prognosis. This review aims to describe for the first time the prevalence, aetiology, prognostic value, pathophysiology, and management of hyponatraemia in children and adolescents with COVID-19, taking into account all relevant studies published in PubMed and Cochrane Library studies until 26(th) September 2021. Literature search did not detect any studies evaluating the prevalence and prognostic value of sodium disorders in paediatric patients with COVID-19. A broader literature review showed a high prevalence of hyponatraemia in children with bacterial pneumonia, while some studies have reported that hyponatraemia is relatively common in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C). In adults with COVID-19, an inverse association between sodium and interleukin-6 levels has been found, indicating that hyponatraemia could be used as a surrogate marker for the risk of cytokine storm and may facilitate the identification of patients who could benefit from immunomodulatory agents. Studies are urgently needed to evaluate the frequency and prognostic impact of electrolyte abnormalities in children with COVID-19. In the meantime, clinicians are urged to consider hyponatraemia in children with COVID-19 as a potential red flag, investigate the cause and administer fluids and other therapies accordingly. (www.actabiomedica.it) Mattioli 1885 2021 2021-11-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8689294/ /pubmed/34738553 http://dx.doi.org/10.23750/abm.v92i5.12330 Text en Copyright: © 2021 ACTA BIO MEDICA SOCIETY OF MEDICINE AND NATURAL SCIENCES OF PARMA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
spellingShingle Pediatric Endocrinology Update (Editor: Vincenzo De Sanctis)
Tzoulis, Ploutarchos
Prevalence, prognostic value, pathophysiology, and management of hyponatraemia in children and adolescents with COVID-19
title Prevalence, prognostic value, pathophysiology, and management of hyponatraemia in children and adolescents with COVID-19
title_full Prevalence, prognostic value, pathophysiology, and management of hyponatraemia in children and adolescents with COVID-19
title_fullStr Prevalence, prognostic value, pathophysiology, and management of hyponatraemia in children and adolescents with COVID-19
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence, prognostic value, pathophysiology, and management of hyponatraemia in children and adolescents with COVID-19
title_short Prevalence, prognostic value, pathophysiology, and management of hyponatraemia in children and adolescents with COVID-19
title_sort prevalence, prognostic value, pathophysiology, and management of hyponatraemia in children and adolescents with covid-19
topic Pediatric Endocrinology Update (Editor: Vincenzo De Sanctis)
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8689294/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34738553
http://dx.doi.org/10.23750/abm.v92i5.12330
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