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A Rare Case of Aspergillus Mediastinitis After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: A Case Report and Literature Review

Patient: Male, 74-year-old Final Diagnosis: Aspergillus fumigatus infection Symptoms: Anemia • elevated inflammatory marker • fever • mediastinal fluid collection • sternal disruptation Medication: — Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Cardiac Surgery • Infectious Diseases OBJECTIVE: Rare disease BACKG...

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Autores principales: Monteiro, Otávio Moreli Carneiro, Júnior, Minoru German Higa, Palhares, Murillo Augusto, de Oliveira Nunes, Maína, de Souza Carvalho Melhem, Marcia, Chang, Marilene Rodrigues
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: International Scientific Literature, Inc. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8689372/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34907149
http://dx.doi.org/10.12659/AJCR.933193
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author Monteiro, Otávio Moreli Carneiro
Júnior, Minoru German Higa
Palhares, Murillo Augusto
de Oliveira Nunes, Maína
de Souza Carvalho Melhem, Marcia
Chang, Marilene Rodrigues
author_facet Monteiro, Otávio Moreli Carneiro
Júnior, Minoru German Higa
Palhares, Murillo Augusto
de Oliveira Nunes, Maína
de Souza Carvalho Melhem, Marcia
Chang, Marilene Rodrigues
author_sort Monteiro, Otávio Moreli Carneiro
collection PubMed
description Patient: Male, 74-year-old Final Diagnosis: Aspergillus fumigatus infection Symptoms: Anemia • elevated inflammatory marker • fever • mediastinal fluid collection • sternal disruptation Medication: — Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Cardiac Surgery • Infectious Diseases OBJECTIVE: Rare disease BACKGROUND: Mediastinitis is a serious complication after cardiac surgery; it is a deep sternal wound infection following sternotomy, with clinical evidence and/or microbiological involvement and sternal osteomyelitis. The most common pathogens are Staphylococcus spp (S. aureus), followed by gram-negative organisms. Establishing an etiological diagnosis of fungal mediastinitis is often a challenging issue, given the nonspecific clinical presentation. CASE REPORT: A 74-year-old man was diagnosed with a three-vessel coronary artery disease in a university hospital. The patient had as clinical background hypertension, a body mass index (BMI) of 29.78 kg/m(2), and no diabetes mellitus. After an uneventful coronary artery bypass surgery, he presented clinical and radiological mediastinitis manifestations on the 9(th) postoperative day. He was treated with a range of antibiotics, with no clinical improvement until the 33(rd) postoperative day. Then, mediastinal fluid and biopsied tissue were collected and he was started on voriconazole due to growing Aspergillus spp. On the 93rd postoperative day, he had clinical improvement and, after several exams, was released from the hospital. We present the first report of Aspergillus fumigatus mediastinitis after cardiac surgery in Brazil, successfully treated with voriconazole. CONCLUSIONS: Aspergillus infection should be considered in the differential diagnosis of mediastinitis after coronary surgery, especially in a clinical case of unexplained sepsis, negative blood culture, and no clinical improvement despite antibiotic therapy. This case report highlights that the mediastinal fluid and biopsy tissue culture can be useful for the diagnosis of fungal mediastinitis.
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spelling pubmed-86893722022-01-19 A Rare Case of Aspergillus Mediastinitis After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: A Case Report and Literature Review Monteiro, Otávio Moreli Carneiro Júnior, Minoru German Higa Palhares, Murillo Augusto de Oliveira Nunes, Maína de Souza Carvalho Melhem, Marcia Chang, Marilene Rodrigues Am J Case Rep Articles Patient: Male, 74-year-old Final Diagnosis: Aspergillus fumigatus infection Symptoms: Anemia • elevated inflammatory marker • fever • mediastinal fluid collection • sternal disruptation Medication: — Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Cardiac Surgery • Infectious Diseases OBJECTIVE: Rare disease BACKGROUND: Mediastinitis is a serious complication after cardiac surgery; it is a deep sternal wound infection following sternotomy, with clinical evidence and/or microbiological involvement and sternal osteomyelitis. The most common pathogens are Staphylococcus spp (S. aureus), followed by gram-negative organisms. Establishing an etiological diagnosis of fungal mediastinitis is often a challenging issue, given the nonspecific clinical presentation. CASE REPORT: A 74-year-old man was diagnosed with a three-vessel coronary artery disease in a university hospital. The patient had as clinical background hypertension, a body mass index (BMI) of 29.78 kg/m(2), and no diabetes mellitus. After an uneventful coronary artery bypass surgery, he presented clinical and radiological mediastinitis manifestations on the 9(th) postoperative day. He was treated with a range of antibiotics, with no clinical improvement until the 33(rd) postoperative day. Then, mediastinal fluid and biopsied tissue were collected and he was started on voriconazole due to growing Aspergillus spp. On the 93rd postoperative day, he had clinical improvement and, after several exams, was released from the hospital. We present the first report of Aspergillus fumigatus mediastinitis after cardiac surgery in Brazil, successfully treated with voriconazole. CONCLUSIONS: Aspergillus infection should be considered in the differential diagnosis of mediastinitis after coronary surgery, especially in a clinical case of unexplained sepsis, negative blood culture, and no clinical improvement despite antibiotic therapy. This case report highlights that the mediastinal fluid and biopsy tissue culture can be useful for the diagnosis of fungal mediastinitis. International Scientific Literature, Inc. 2021-12-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8689372/ /pubmed/34907149 http://dx.doi.org/10.12659/AJCR.933193 Text en © Am J Case Rep, 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This work is licensed under Creative Common Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) )
spellingShingle Articles
Monteiro, Otávio Moreli Carneiro
Júnior, Minoru German Higa
Palhares, Murillo Augusto
de Oliveira Nunes, Maína
de Souza Carvalho Melhem, Marcia
Chang, Marilene Rodrigues
A Rare Case of Aspergillus Mediastinitis After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: A Case Report and Literature Review
title A Rare Case of Aspergillus Mediastinitis After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: A Case Report and Literature Review
title_full A Rare Case of Aspergillus Mediastinitis After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: A Case Report and Literature Review
title_fullStr A Rare Case of Aspergillus Mediastinitis After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: A Case Report and Literature Review
title_full_unstemmed A Rare Case of Aspergillus Mediastinitis After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: A Case Report and Literature Review
title_short A Rare Case of Aspergillus Mediastinitis After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: A Case Report and Literature Review
title_sort rare case of aspergillus mediastinitis after coronary artery bypass surgery: a case report and literature review
topic Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8689372/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34907149
http://dx.doi.org/10.12659/AJCR.933193
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