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Epidemiology of Pediatric Baseball and Softball Player Injuries

BACKGROUND: Baseball and softball are popular sports in the United States and are responsible for a large number of youth sports injuries each year. PURPOSE: To investigate recent differences in youth baseball and softball injuries evaluated in nationwide emergency departments. STUDY DESIGN: Descrip...

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Autores principales: Farooqi, Ali S., Lee, Alexander, Abreu, Eric, Talwar, Divya, Maguire, Kathleen J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8689631/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34950741
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23259671211052585
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author Farooqi, Ali S.
Lee, Alexander
Abreu, Eric
Talwar, Divya
Maguire, Kathleen J.
author_facet Farooqi, Ali S.
Lee, Alexander
Abreu, Eric
Talwar, Divya
Maguire, Kathleen J.
author_sort Farooqi, Ali S.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Baseball and softball are popular sports in the United States and are responsible for a large number of youth sports injuries each year. PURPOSE: To investigate recent differences in youth baseball and softball injuries evaluated in nationwide emergency departments. STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive epidemiology study. METHODS: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database was examined for softball and baseball injuries in pediatric patients (age, 7-21 years) from 2010 through 2019. Patients were classified as children (age, 7-13 years), adolescents (age, 14-18 years), or young adults (age, 19-21 years). Case narratives were used to categorize injuries as contact injuries (hit by bat or ball), field injuries (sliding into base, collision with another player, catching, or running), throwing injuries, or other. RESULTS: An unweighted total of 24,717 baseball injuries and 13,162 softball injuries were recorded. A nationwide estimate of 861,456 baseball injuries and 511,117 softball injuries were sustained during the studied time period, with estimated respective injury rates of 86,146 and 51,112 per year. Injured softball players were most commonly adolescent (47%) and female (92%), while injured baseball players were most commonly children (54%) and male (90%). There was a greater proportion of baseball-related injuries involving the head/neck (41%) as compared with softball-related injuries (30%) (P < .01). Conversely, a greater proportion of softball-related injuries involved the lower extremity (32%) as compared with baseball-related injuries (19%) (P < .01). When comparing diagnosis, softball injuries were more often sprains/strains (28%) than baseball injuries (18%) (P < .01). When comparing mechanisms of injury, baseball athletes were more likely to be evaluated with contact injuries than were softball athletes (49% vs 40%, P < .01). CONCLUSION: Youth baseball athletes were more likely to be injured through contact mechanisms and had a higher proportion of injuries related to the head/neck/face, whereas softball injuries more frequently involved the lower extremity and resulted in a sprain/strain. League guidelines should focus on reducing contact injuries within youth baseball, and injury-prevention programs should focus on reducing lower extremity injuries in youth softball.
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spelling pubmed-86896312021-12-22 Epidemiology of Pediatric Baseball and Softball Player Injuries Farooqi, Ali S. Lee, Alexander Abreu, Eric Talwar, Divya Maguire, Kathleen J. Orthop J Sports Med Article BACKGROUND: Baseball and softball are popular sports in the United States and are responsible for a large number of youth sports injuries each year. PURPOSE: To investigate recent differences in youth baseball and softball injuries evaluated in nationwide emergency departments. STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive epidemiology study. METHODS: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database was examined for softball and baseball injuries in pediatric patients (age, 7-21 years) from 2010 through 2019. Patients were classified as children (age, 7-13 years), adolescents (age, 14-18 years), or young adults (age, 19-21 years). Case narratives were used to categorize injuries as contact injuries (hit by bat or ball), field injuries (sliding into base, collision with another player, catching, or running), throwing injuries, or other. RESULTS: An unweighted total of 24,717 baseball injuries and 13,162 softball injuries were recorded. A nationwide estimate of 861,456 baseball injuries and 511,117 softball injuries were sustained during the studied time period, with estimated respective injury rates of 86,146 and 51,112 per year. Injured softball players were most commonly adolescent (47%) and female (92%), while injured baseball players were most commonly children (54%) and male (90%). There was a greater proportion of baseball-related injuries involving the head/neck (41%) as compared with softball-related injuries (30%) (P < .01). Conversely, a greater proportion of softball-related injuries involved the lower extremity (32%) as compared with baseball-related injuries (19%) (P < .01). When comparing diagnosis, softball injuries were more often sprains/strains (28%) than baseball injuries (18%) (P < .01). When comparing mechanisms of injury, baseball athletes were more likely to be evaluated with contact injuries than were softball athletes (49% vs 40%, P < .01). CONCLUSION: Youth baseball athletes were more likely to be injured through contact mechanisms and had a higher proportion of injuries related to the head/neck/face, whereas softball injuries more frequently involved the lower extremity and resulted in a sprain/strain. League guidelines should focus on reducing contact injuries within youth baseball, and injury-prevention programs should focus on reducing lower extremity injuries in youth softball. SAGE Publications 2021-12-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8689631/ /pubmed/34950741 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23259671211052585 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work as published without adaptation or alteration, without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Article
Farooqi, Ali S.
Lee, Alexander
Abreu, Eric
Talwar, Divya
Maguire, Kathleen J.
Epidemiology of Pediatric Baseball and Softball Player Injuries
title Epidemiology of Pediatric Baseball and Softball Player Injuries
title_full Epidemiology of Pediatric Baseball and Softball Player Injuries
title_fullStr Epidemiology of Pediatric Baseball and Softball Player Injuries
title_full_unstemmed Epidemiology of Pediatric Baseball and Softball Player Injuries
title_short Epidemiology of Pediatric Baseball and Softball Player Injuries
title_sort epidemiology of pediatric baseball and softball player injuries
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8689631/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34950741
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23259671211052585
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