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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Reinfection Associates With Unstable Housing and Occurs in the Presence of Antibodies

BACKGROUND: The factors associated with severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) reinfection remain poorly defined. METHODS: We identified patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and at least 1 repeat reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction result a minimum of 90 days after the initial...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Bean, David J, Monroe, Janet, Turcinovic, Jacquelyn, Moreau, Yvetane, Connor, John H, Sagar, Manish
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8689949/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34755830
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab940
Descripción
Sumario:BACKGROUND: The factors associated with severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) reinfection remain poorly defined. METHODS: We identified patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and at least 1 repeat reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction result a minimum of 90 days after the initial positive test and before 21 January 2021. Those with a repeat positive test were deemed to have reinfection (n = 75), and those with only negative tests were classified as convalescents (n = 1594). Demographics, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity, and treatment histories were obtained from the Boston Medical Center electronic medical record. Humoral responses were analyzed using SARS-CoV-2–specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and pseudovirus neutralizations in a subset of reinfection (n = 16) and convalescent samples (n = 32). Univariate, multivariate, and time to event analyses were used to identify associations. RESULTS: Individuals with reinfection had more frequent testing at shorter intervals compared with the convalescents. Unstable housing was associated with more than 2-fold greater chance of reinfection. Preexisting comorbidities and COVID-19 severity after the initial infection were not associated with reinfection. SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G levels and pseudovirus neutralization were not different within the early weeks after primary infection and at a timepoint at least 90 days later in the 2 groups. In the convalescents, but not in those with reinfection, the late as compared with early humoral responses were significantly higher. CONCLUSIONS: Reinfection associates with unstable housing, which is likely a marker for virus exposure, and reinfection occurs in the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.