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No Effects of Meteorological Factors on the SARS-CoV-2 Infection Fatality Rate

OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have shown that meteorological factors may increase COVID-19 mortality, likely due to the increased transmission of the virus. However, this could also be related to an increased infection fatality rate (IFR). We investigated the association between meteorological factors...

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Autores principales: SOLANES, Aleix, LAREDO, Carlos, GUASP, Mar, FULLANA, Miquel Angel, FORTEA, Lydia, GARCIA-OLIVÉ, Ignasi, SOLMI, Marco, SHIN, Jae Il, URRA, Xabier, RADUA, Joaquim
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Editorial Board of Biomedical and Environmental Sciences. Published by Elsevier (Singapore) Pte Ltd. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8690129/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34955147
http://dx.doi.org/10.3967/bes2021.120
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author SOLANES, Aleix
LAREDO, Carlos
GUASP, Mar
FULLANA, Miquel Angel
FORTEA, Lydia
GARCIA-OLIVÉ, Ignasi
SOLMI, Marco
SHIN, Jae Il
URRA, Xabier
RADUA, Joaquim
author_facet SOLANES, Aleix
LAREDO, Carlos
GUASP, Mar
FULLANA, Miquel Angel
FORTEA, Lydia
GARCIA-OLIVÉ, Ignasi
SOLMI, Marco
SHIN, Jae Il
URRA, Xabier
RADUA, Joaquim
author_sort SOLANES, Aleix
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have shown that meteorological factors may increase COVID-19 mortality, likely due to the increased transmission of the virus. However, this could also be related to an increased infection fatality rate (IFR). We investigated the association between meteorological factors (temperature, humidity, solar irradiance, pressure, wind, precipitation, cloud coverage) and IFR across Spanish provinces (n = 52) during the first wave of the pandemic (weeks 10–16 of 2020). METHODS: We estimated IFR as excess deaths (the gap between observed and expected deaths, considering COVID-19-unrelated deaths prevented by lockdown measures) divided by the number of infections (SARS-CoV-2 seropositive individuals plus excess deaths) and conducted Spearman correlations between meteorological factors and IFR across the provinces. RESULTS: We estimated 2,418,250 infections and 43,237 deaths. The IFR was 0.03% in < 50-year-old, 0.22% in 50–59-year-old, 0.9% in 60–69-year-old, 3.3% in 70–79-year-old, 12.6% in 80–89-year-old, and 26.5% in ≥ 90-year-old. We did not find statistically significant relationships between meteorological factors and adjusted IFR. However, we found strong relationships between low temperature and unadjusted IFR, likely due to Spain's colder provinces' aging population. CONCLUSION: The association between meteorological factors and adjusted COVID-19 IFR is unclear. Neglecting age differences or ignoring COVID-19-unrelated deaths may severely bias COVID-19 epidemiological analyses.
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spelling pubmed-86901292021-12-21 No Effects of Meteorological Factors on the SARS-CoV-2 Infection Fatality Rate SOLANES, Aleix LAREDO, Carlos GUASP, Mar FULLANA, Miquel Angel FORTEA, Lydia GARCIA-OLIVÉ, Ignasi SOLMI, Marco SHIN, Jae Il URRA, Xabier RADUA, Joaquim Biomed Environ Sci Original Article OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have shown that meteorological factors may increase COVID-19 mortality, likely due to the increased transmission of the virus. However, this could also be related to an increased infection fatality rate (IFR). We investigated the association between meteorological factors (temperature, humidity, solar irradiance, pressure, wind, precipitation, cloud coverage) and IFR across Spanish provinces (n = 52) during the first wave of the pandemic (weeks 10–16 of 2020). METHODS: We estimated IFR as excess deaths (the gap between observed and expected deaths, considering COVID-19-unrelated deaths prevented by lockdown measures) divided by the number of infections (SARS-CoV-2 seropositive individuals plus excess deaths) and conducted Spearman correlations between meteorological factors and IFR across the provinces. RESULTS: We estimated 2,418,250 infections and 43,237 deaths. The IFR was 0.03% in < 50-year-old, 0.22% in 50–59-year-old, 0.9% in 60–69-year-old, 3.3% in 70–79-year-old, 12.6% in 80–89-year-old, and 26.5% in ≥ 90-year-old. We did not find statistically significant relationships between meteorological factors and adjusted IFR. However, we found strong relationships between low temperature and unadjusted IFR, likely due to Spain's colder provinces' aging population. CONCLUSION: The association between meteorological factors and adjusted COVID-19 IFR is unclear. Neglecting age differences or ignoring COVID-19-unrelated deaths may severely bias COVID-19 epidemiological analyses. The Editorial Board of Biomedical and Environmental Sciences. Published by Elsevier (Singapore) Pte Ltd. 2021-11 2021-12-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8690129/ /pubmed/34955147 http://dx.doi.org/10.3967/bes2021.120 Text en © 2021 The Editorial Board of Biomedical and Environmental Sciences Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Original Article
SOLANES, Aleix
LAREDO, Carlos
GUASP, Mar
FULLANA, Miquel Angel
FORTEA, Lydia
GARCIA-OLIVÉ, Ignasi
SOLMI, Marco
SHIN, Jae Il
URRA, Xabier
RADUA, Joaquim
No Effects of Meteorological Factors on the SARS-CoV-2 Infection Fatality Rate
title No Effects of Meteorological Factors on the SARS-CoV-2 Infection Fatality Rate
title_full No Effects of Meteorological Factors on the SARS-CoV-2 Infection Fatality Rate
title_fullStr No Effects of Meteorological Factors on the SARS-CoV-2 Infection Fatality Rate
title_full_unstemmed No Effects of Meteorological Factors on the SARS-CoV-2 Infection Fatality Rate
title_short No Effects of Meteorological Factors on the SARS-CoV-2 Infection Fatality Rate
title_sort no effects of meteorological factors on the sars-cov-2 infection fatality rate
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8690129/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34955147
http://dx.doi.org/10.3967/bes2021.120
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