Cargando…
Recent advances in nanomedicines for photodynamic therapy (PDT)-driven cancer immunotherapy
Cancer immunotherapy has made tremendous clinical progress in advanced-stage malignancies. However, patients with various tumors exhibit a low response rate to immunotherapy because of a powerful immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and insufficient immunogenicity of tumors. Photodynamic t...
Autores principales: | , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Ivyspring International Publisher
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8690913/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34987658 http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/thno.67300 |
_version_ | 1784618702256209920 |
---|---|
author | Ji, Bin Wei, Minjie Yang, Bin |
author_facet | Ji, Bin Wei, Minjie Yang, Bin |
author_sort | Ji, Bin |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cancer immunotherapy has made tremendous clinical progress in advanced-stage malignancies. However, patients with various tumors exhibit a low response rate to immunotherapy because of a powerful immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and insufficient immunogenicity of tumors. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) can not only directly kill tumor cells, but also elicit immunogenic cell death (ICD), providing antitumor immunity. Unfortunately, limitations from the inherent nature and complex TME significantly reduce the efficiency of PDT. Recently, smart nanomedicine-based strategies could subtly modulate the pharmacokinetics of therapeutic compounds and the TME to optimize both PDT and immunotherapy, resulting in an improved antitumor effect. Here, the emerging nanomedicines for PDT-driven cancer immunotherapy are reviewed, including hypoxia-reversed nanomedicines, nanosized metal-organic frameworks, and subcellular targeted nanoparticles (NPs). Moreover, we highlight the synergistic nanotherapeutics used to amplify immune responses combined with immunotherapy against tumors. Lastly, the challenges and future expectations in the field of PDT-driven cancer immunotherapy are discussed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8690913 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Ivyspring International Publisher |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86909132022-01-04 Recent advances in nanomedicines for photodynamic therapy (PDT)-driven cancer immunotherapy Ji, Bin Wei, Minjie Yang, Bin Theranostics Review Cancer immunotherapy has made tremendous clinical progress in advanced-stage malignancies. However, patients with various tumors exhibit a low response rate to immunotherapy because of a powerful immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and insufficient immunogenicity of tumors. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) can not only directly kill tumor cells, but also elicit immunogenic cell death (ICD), providing antitumor immunity. Unfortunately, limitations from the inherent nature and complex TME significantly reduce the efficiency of PDT. Recently, smart nanomedicine-based strategies could subtly modulate the pharmacokinetics of therapeutic compounds and the TME to optimize both PDT and immunotherapy, resulting in an improved antitumor effect. Here, the emerging nanomedicines for PDT-driven cancer immunotherapy are reviewed, including hypoxia-reversed nanomedicines, nanosized metal-organic frameworks, and subcellular targeted nanoparticles (NPs). Moreover, we highlight the synergistic nanotherapeutics used to amplify immune responses combined with immunotherapy against tumors. Lastly, the challenges and future expectations in the field of PDT-driven cancer immunotherapy are discussed. Ivyspring International Publisher 2022-01-01 /pmc/articles/PMC8690913/ /pubmed/34987658 http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/thno.67300 Text en © The author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). See http://ivyspring.com/terms for full terms and conditions. |
spellingShingle | Review Ji, Bin Wei, Minjie Yang, Bin Recent advances in nanomedicines for photodynamic therapy (PDT)-driven cancer immunotherapy |
title | Recent advances in nanomedicines for photodynamic therapy (PDT)-driven cancer immunotherapy |
title_full | Recent advances in nanomedicines for photodynamic therapy (PDT)-driven cancer immunotherapy |
title_fullStr | Recent advances in nanomedicines for photodynamic therapy (PDT)-driven cancer immunotherapy |
title_full_unstemmed | Recent advances in nanomedicines for photodynamic therapy (PDT)-driven cancer immunotherapy |
title_short | Recent advances in nanomedicines for photodynamic therapy (PDT)-driven cancer immunotherapy |
title_sort | recent advances in nanomedicines for photodynamic therapy (pdt)-driven cancer immunotherapy |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8690913/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34987658 http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/thno.67300 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT jibin recentadvancesinnanomedicinesforphotodynamictherapypdtdrivencancerimmunotherapy AT weiminjie recentadvancesinnanomedicinesforphotodynamictherapypdtdrivencancerimmunotherapy AT yangbin recentadvancesinnanomedicinesforphotodynamictherapypdtdrivencancerimmunotherapy |