Implementation of Computerized Physician Order Entry in Primary Care: A Scoping Review

PURPOSE: This scoping review aimed to assess the implementation and outcomes of computerized physician order entry (CPOE) in primary care. METHODS: A scoping review was carried out in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute’s guidelines (JBI). The databases PubMed, CINAHL, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were all searched. The full text of each article was reviewed for eligibility after the title and abstract were evaluated. JBI data extraction were used to extract data. Donabedian’s framework served as the foundation for the data discussion. RESULTS: Based on the inclusion criteria, seven studies were included. The studies’ main goal in common was to analyze the outcome or impact of implementing CPOE systems in ambulatory or primary care settings. Several studies described the framework, current state of implementation, and evaluation or recommendation following CPOE system implementation. Many positive effects were felt by physicians or prescribers, pharmacists, patients, and primary care providers, with patient safety being the primary goal. CONCLUSION: Although this study discovered some issues and factors associated with CPOE implementation and adoption, such as infrastructure, workflow, level of engagement, and safety culture, CPOE has many positive outcomes for patients, physicians, and primary care. To improve CPOE adoption in healthcare, particularly primary care, more research into the structure, framework, and components of CPOE deployment is required.