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Organic dots (O-dots) for theranostic applications: preparation and surface engineering

Organic dots is a term used to represent materials including graphene quantum dots and carbon quantum dots because they rely on the presence of other atoms (O, H, and N) for their photoluminescence or fluorescence properties. They generally have a small size (as low as 2.5 nm), and show good photost...

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Autores principales: Shiralizadeh Dezfuli, Amin, Kohan, Elmira, Tehrani Fateh, Sepand, Alimirzaei, Neda, Arzaghi, Hamidreza, Hamblin, Michael R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Royal Society of Chemistry 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8693874/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35424170
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra08041a
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author Shiralizadeh Dezfuli, Amin
Kohan, Elmira
Tehrani Fateh, Sepand
Alimirzaei, Neda
Arzaghi, Hamidreza
Hamblin, Michael R.
author_facet Shiralizadeh Dezfuli, Amin
Kohan, Elmira
Tehrani Fateh, Sepand
Alimirzaei, Neda
Arzaghi, Hamidreza
Hamblin, Michael R.
author_sort Shiralizadeh Dezfuli, Amin
collection PubMed
description Organic dots is a term used to represent materials including graphene quantum dots and carbon quantum dots because they rely on the presence of other atoms (O, H, and N) for their photoluminescence or fluorescence properties. They generally have a small size (as low as 2.5 nm), and show good photostability under prolonged irradiation. The excitation and emission wavelengths of O-dots can be tailored according to their synthetic procedure, where although their quantum yield is quite low compared with organic dyes, this is partly compensated by their large absorption coefficients. A wide range of strategies have been used to modify the surface of O-dots for passivation, improving their solubility and biocompatibility, and allowing the attachment of targeting moieties and therapeutic cargos. Hybrid nanostructures based on O-dots have been used for theranostic applications, particularly for cancer imaging and therapy. This review covers the synthesis, physics, chemistry, and characterization of O-dots. Their applications cover the prevention of protein fibril formation, and both controlled and targeted drug and gene delivery. Multifunctional therapeutic and imaging platforms have been reported, which combine four or more separate modalities, frequently including photothermal or photodynamic therapy and imaging and drug release.
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spelling pubmed-86938742022-04-13 Organic dots (O-dots) for theranostic applications: preparation and surface engineering Shiralizadeh Dezfuli, Amin Kohan, Elmira Tehrani Fateh, Sepand Alimirzaei, Neda Arzaghi, Hamidreza Hamblin, Michael R. RSC Adv Chemistry Organic dots is a term used to represent materials including graphene quantum dots and carbon quantum dots because they rely on the presence of other atoms (O, H, and N) for their photoluminescence or fluorescence properties. They generally have a small size (as low as 2.5 nm), and show good photostability under prolonged irradiation. The excitation and emission wavelengths of O-dots can be tailored according to their synthetic procedure, where although their quantum yield is quite low compared with organic dyes, this is partly compensated by their large absorption coefficients. A wide range of strategies have been used to modify the surface of O-dots for passivation, improving their solubility and biocompatibility, and allowing the attachment of targeting moieties and therapeutic cargos. Hybrid nanostructures based on O-dots have been used for theranostic applications, particularly for cancer imaging and therapy. This review covers the synthesis, physics, chemistry, and characterization of O-dots. Their applications cover the prevention of protein fibril formation, and both controlled and targeted drug and gene delivery. Multifunctional therapeutic and imaging platforms have been reported, which combine four or more separate modalities, frequently including photothermal or photodynamic therapy and imaging and drug release. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2021-01-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8693874/ /pubmed/35424170 http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra08041a Text en This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/
spellingShingle Chemistry
Shiralizadeh Dezfuli, Amin
Kohan, Elmira
Tehrani Fateh, Sepand
Alimirzaei, Neda
Arzaghi, Hamidreza
Hamblin, Michael R.
Organic dots (O-dots) for theranostic applications: preparation and surface engineering
title Organic dots (O-dots) for theranostic applications: preparation and surface engineering
title_full Organic dots (O-dots) for theranostic applications: preparation and surface engineering
title_fullStr Organic dots (O-dots) for theranostic applications: preparation and surface engineering
title_full_unstemmed Organic dots (O-dots) for theranostic applications: preparation and surface engineering
title_short Organic dots (O-dots) for theranostic applications: preparation and surface engineering
title_sort organic dots (o-dots) for theranostic applications: preparation and surface engineering
topic Chemistry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8693874/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35424170
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra08041a
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