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YLMY Tyrosine Residue within the Cytoplasmic Tail of Newcastle Disease Virus Fusion Protein Regulates Its Surface Expression to Modulate Viral Budding and Pathogenicity

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) fusion protein mediates the virus’s fusion activity, which is a determinant of NDV pathogenicity. The ectodomain of the F protein is known to have a major impact on fusion, and several reports have also indicated the role of the cytoplasmic tail (CT) in viral entry, F p...

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Autores principales: Bu, Yawen, Teng, Qingyuan, Feng, Delan, Sun, Lu, Xue, Jia, Zhang, Guozhong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Society for Microbiology 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8694109/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34937182
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.02173-21
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author Bu, Yawen
Teng, Qingyuan
Feng, Delan
Sun, Lu
Xue, Jia
Zhang, Guozhong
author_facet Bu, Yawen
Teng, Qingyuan
Feng, Delan
Sun, Lu
Xue, Jia
Zhang, Guozhong
author_sort Bu, Yawen
collection PubMed
description Newcastle disease virus (NDV) fusion protein mediates the virus’s fusion activity, which is a determinant of NDV pathogenicity. The ectodomain of the F protein is known to have a major impact on fusion, and several reports have also indicated the role of the cytoplasmic tail (CT) in viral entry, F protein cleavage, and fusion, which are regulated by specific motifs. We found a highly conserved tyrosine residue located in the YLMY motif. The tyrosine residues at positions 524 and 527 have different roles in viral replication and pathogenicity and are associated with F protein intracellular processing. Tyrosine residues mutants affect the transportation of the F protein from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus, resulting in different cleavage efficiencies. F protein is subsequently transported to the cell surface where it participates in viral budding, a process closely related to the distinctions in pathogenicity caused by the tyrosine residues. In addition, the different mutations all led to a hypofusogenic phenotype. We believe that the highly conserved tyrosine residue of the YLMY motif uses a similar mechanism to the tyrosine-based motif (YXXΦ) to regulate F protein transport and thus affect viral replication and pathogenicity. IMPORTANCE The amino-terminal cytoplasmic domains of paramyxovirus fusion glycoproteins include trafficking signals that influence protein processing and cell surface expression. This study clarified that tyrosine residues at different positions in the YLMY motif in the cytoplasmic region of the F protein regulate F protein transportation, thereby affecting viral replication and pathogenicity. This study has increased our understanding of how NDV virulence is mediated by the F protein and provides a fresh perspective on the role of CT in the virus’s life cycle. This information may be useful in the development of NDV as an effective vaccine vector and oncolytic agent.
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spelling pubmed-86941092021-12-27 YLMY Tyrosine Residue within the Cytoplasmic Tail of Newcastle Disease Virus Fusion Protein Regulates Its Surface Expression to Modulate Viral Budding and Pathogenicity Bu, Yawen Teng, Qingyuan Feng, Delan Sun, Lu Xue, Jia Zhang, Guozhong Microbiol Spectr Research Article Newcastle disease virus (NDV) fusion protein mediates the virus’s fusion activity, which is a determinant of NDV pathogenicity. The ectodomain of the F protein is known to have a major impact on fusion, and several reports have also indicated the role of the cytoplasmic tail (CT) in viral entry, F protein cleavage, and fusion, which are regulated by specific motifs. We found a highly conserved tyrosine residue located in the YLMY motif. The tyrosine residues at positions 524 and 527 have different roles in viral replication and pathogenicity and are associated with F protein intracellular processing. Tyrosine residues mutants affect the transportation of the F protein from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus, resulting in different cleavage efficiencies. F protein is subsequently transported to the cell surface where it participates in viral budding, a process closely related to the distinctions in pathogenicity caused by the tyrosine residues. In addition, the different mutations all led to a hypofusogenic phenotype. We believe that the highly conserved tyrosine residue of the YLMY motif uses a similar mechanism to the tyrosine-based motif (YXXΦ) to regulate F protein transport and thus affect viral replication and pathogenicity. IMPORTANCE The amino-terminal cytoplasmic domains of paramyxovirus fusion glycoproteins include trafficking signals that influence protein processing and cell surface expression. This study clarified that tyrosine residues at different positions in the YLMY motif in the cytoplasmic region of the F protein regulate F protein transportation, thereby affecting viral replication and pathogenicity. This study has increased our understanding of how NDV virulence is mediated by the F protein and provides a fresh perspective on the role of CT in the virus’s life cycle. This information may be useful in the development of NDV as an effective vaccine vector and oncolytic agent. American Society for Microbiology 2021-12-22 /pmc/articles/PMC8694109/ /pubmed/34937182 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.02173-21 Text en Copyright © 2021 Bu et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Research Article
Bu, Yawen
Teng, Qingyuan
Feng, Delan
Sun, Lu
Xue, Jia
Zhang, Guozhong
YLMY Tyrosine Residue within the Cytoplasmic Tail of Newcastle Disease Virus Fusion Protein Regulates Its Surface Expression to Modulate Viral Budding and Pathogenicity
title YLMY Tyrosine Residue within the Cytoplasmic Tail of Newcastle Disease Virus Fusion Protein Regulates Its Surface Expression to Modulate Viral Budding and Pathogenicity
title_full YLMY Tyrosine Residue within the Cytoplasmic Tail of Newcastle Disease Virus Fusion Protein Regulates Its Surface Expression to Modulate Viral Budding and Pathogenicity
title_fullStr YLMY Tyrosine Residue within the Cytoplasmic Tail of Newcastle Disease Virus Fusion Protein Regulates Its Surface Expression to Modulate Viral Budding and Pathogenicity
title_full_unstemmed YLMY Tyrosine Residue within the Cytoplasmic Tail of Newcastle Disease Virus Fusion Protein Regulates Its Surface Expression to Modulate Viral Budding and Pathogenicity
title_short YLMY Tyrosine Residue within the Cytoplasmic Tail of Newcastle Disease Virus Fusion Protein Regulates Its Surface Expression to Modulate Viral Budding and Pathogenicity
title_sort ylmy tyrosine residue within the cytoplasmic tail of newcastle disease virus fusion protein regulates its surface expression to modulate viral budding and pathogenicity
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8694109/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34937182
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.02173-21
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