CircRNA RERE Promotes the Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis and Autophagy of Nucleus Pulposus Cells through the miR-299-5p/Galectin-3 Axis

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is widely accepted as a cause of low back pain and related degenerative musculoskeletal disorders. Nucleus pulposus (NP) cell loss is closely related to IDD progression. Thus, investigating the specifically targeted therapeutic agents against NP cell loss depends on understanding the molecular mechanisms. In this study, human NP cells were treated with hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)). Cell viability was assessed by using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) kit. The expression of circRNA arginine-glutamic acid dipeptide repeats (hsa_circ_RERE) and miR-299-5p was analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR. Western blot analysis was used to assess the protein expression levels. The autophagy levels in NP cells were detected by using an electronic microscope, LC3B protein immunofluorescence, and western blot. The apoptosis levels of NP cells were detected by flow cytometry and western blot. Dual-luciferase reporter assay analyzed the miR-299-5p bound to circ_RERE and galectin-3. Our results revealed that H(2)O(2) significantly inhibited the viability of NP cells, promoted apoptosis and autophagy, and upregulated galectin-3 expression. miR-299-5p was reduced in IDD and H(2)O(2)-induced NP cells. The overexpression of miR-299-5p promoted cell viability and attenuated apoptosis and autophagy under H(2)O(2) treatment. Besides, circ_RERE was upregulated in IDD and H(2)O(2)-induced NP cells. However, knockdown of circ_RERE reversed the effects of miR-299-5p overexpression on cell viability, apoptosis, and autophagy in NP cells. We propose that circ_RERE promotes the H(2)O(2)-induced apoptosis and autophagy of NP cells through the miR-299-5p/galectin-3 axis and may provide a new target for the clinical treatment of IDD.