Neumonía por SARS-CoV-2 asociado a coinfección por Pneumocystis jirovecii en paciente inmunocomprometido: a propósito de un caso y revisión de la literatura

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia is an opportunistic infection that commonly occurs in patients with severe acquired immunodeficiencies. During the current health contingency, the presence of infection and co-infection by P. jirovecii in critically ill patients is apparently increasing altogether with the risk of fatal outcomes. The following is the case of a man with severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, HIV immunosuppression and P. jirovecii coinfection who developed acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring invasive mechanical positive pressure ventilatory support. Despite the in-hospital management received, antibiotic therapy, and ventilatory support, the patient presented hemodynamic deterioration with instability, dying on day 20 of hospitalization. Subsequently, a bibliographic review of the current literature is carried out, discussing aspects such as epidemiology, pathophysiology, timely diagnosis, and treatment between the relationship of P. jirovecii and SARS-CoV-2 in critically ill patients.