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Hepatic Macrophage as a Key Player in Fatty Liver Disease

Fatty liver disease, characterized by excessive inflammation and lipid deposition, is becoming one of the most prevalent liver metabolic diseases worldwide owing to the increasing global incidence of obesity. However, the underlying mechanisms of fatty liver disease are poorly understood. Accumulati...

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Autores principales: Xu, Liyun, Liu, Wen, Bai, Fuxiang, Xu, Yong, Liang, Xiaohong, Ma, Chunhong, Gao, Lifen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8696173/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34956171
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.708978
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author Xu, Liyun
Liu, Wen
Bai, Fuxiang
Xu, Yong
Liang, Xiaohong
Ma, Chunhong
Gao, Lifen
author_facet Xu, Liyun
Liu, Wen
Bai, Fuxiang
Xu, Yong
Liang, Xiaohong
Ma, Chunhong
Gao, Lifen
author_sort Xu, Liyun
collection PubMed
description Fatty liver disease, characterized by excessive inflammation and lipid deposition, is becoming one of the most prevalent liver metabolic diseases worldwide owing to the increasing global incidence of obesity. However, the underlying mechanisms of fatty liver disease are poorly understood. Accumulating evidence suggests that hepatic macrophages, specifically Kupffer cells (KCs), act as key players in the progression of fatty liver disease. Thus, it is essential to examine the current evidence of the roles of hepatic macrophages (both KCs and monocyte-derived macrophages). In this review, we primarily address the heterogeneities and multiple patterns of hepatic macrophages participating in the pathogenesis of fatty liver disease, including Toll-like receptors (TLRs), NLRP3 inflammasome, lipotoxicity, glucotoxicity, metabolic reprogramming, interaction with surrounding cells in the liver, and iron poisoning. A better understanding of the diverse roles of hepatic macrophages in the development of fatty liver disease may provide a more specific and promising macrophage-targeting therapeutic strategy for inflammatory liver diseases.
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spelling pubmed-86961732021-12-24 Hepatic Macrophage as a Key Player in Fatty Liver Disease Xu, Liyun Liu, Wen Bai, Fuxiang Xu, Yong Liang, Xiaohong Ma, Chunhong Gao, Lifen Front Immunol Immunology Fatty liver disease, characterized by excessive inflammation and lipid deposition, is becoming one of the most prevalent liver metabolic diseases worldwide owing to the increasing global incidence of obesity. However, the underlying mechanisms of fatty liver disease are poorly understood. Accumulating evidence suggests that hepatic macrophages, specifically Kupffer cells (KCs), act as key players in the progression of fatty liver disease. Thus, it is essential to examine the current evidence of the roles of hepatic macrophages (both KCs and monocyte-derived macrophages). In this review, we primarily address the heterogeneities and multiple patterns of hepatic macrophages participating in the pathogenesis of fatty liver disease, including Toll-like receptors (TLRs), NLRP3 inflammasome, lipotoxicity, glucotoxicity, metabolic reprogramming, interaction with surrounding cells in the liver, and iron poisoning. A better understanding of the diverse roles of hepatic macrophages in the development of fatty liver disease may provide a more specific and promising macrophage-targeting therapeutic strategy for inflammatory liver diseases. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-12-09 /pmc/articles/PMC8696173/ /pubmed/34956171 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.708978 Text en Copyright © 2021 Xu, Liu, Bai, Xu, Liang, Ma and Gao https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Xu, Liyun
Liu, Wen
Bai, Fuxiang
Xu, Yong
Liang, Xiaohong
Ma, Chunhong
Gao, Lifen
Hepatic Macrophage as a Key Player in Fatty Liver Disease
title Hepatic Macrophage as a Key Player in Fatty Liver Disease
title_full Hepatic Macrophage as a Key Player in Fatty Liver Disease
title_fullStr Hepatic Macrophage as a Key Player in Fatty Liver Disease
title_full_unstemmed Hepatic Macrophage as a Key Player in Fatty Liver Disease
title_short Hepatic Macrophage as a Key Player in Fatty Liver Disease
title_sort hepatic macrophage as a key player in fatty liver disease
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8696173/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34956171
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.708978
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