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Influence of Oxidative Stress Generated by Smoking during Pregnancy on Glutathione Status in Mother-Newborn Pairs

Glutathione plays a key role in maintaining a physiological balance between prooxidants and antioxidants in the human body. Therefore, we examined the influence of maternal smoking as a source of oxidative stress measured by total oxidant capacity (TOC) on reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutath...

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Autores principales: Chełchowska, Magdalena, Gajewska, Joanna, Ambroszkiewicz, Jadwiga, Mazur, Joanna, Ołtarzewski, Mariusz, Maciejewski, Tomasz M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8698311/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34942969
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10121866
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author Chełchowska, Magdalena
Gajewska, Joanna
Ambroszkiewicz, Jadwiga
Mazur, Joanna
Ołtarzewski, Mariusz
Maciejewski, Tomasz M.
author_facet Chełchowska, Magdalena
Gajewska, Joanna
Ambroszkiewicz, Jadwiga
Mazur, Joanna
Ołtarzewski, Mariusz
Maciejewski, Tomasz M.
author_sort Chełchowska, Magdalena
collection PubMed
description Glutathione plays a key role in maintaining a physiological balance between prooxidants and antioxidants in the human body. Therefore, we examined the influence of maternal smoking as a source of oxidative stress measured by total oxidant capacity (TOC) on reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), glutathione peroxidase (GPx-3), and reductase (GR) amount in maternal and umbilical cord blood in 110 (45 smoking and 65 non-smoking) mother-newborn pairs. Concentrations of glutathione status markers and TOC were evaluated by competitive inhibition enzyme immunoassay technique. Plasma TOC levels were significantly higher and the GSH/GSSG ratio, which is considered an index of the cell’s redox status, were significantly lower in smoking women and their offspring than in non-smoking pairs. Decreased GR levels were found in smoking mothers and their newborns compared with similar non-smoking groups. Although plasma GPx-3 concentrations were similar in both maternal groups, in the cord blood of newborns exposed to tobacco smoke in utero they were reduced compared with the levels observed in children of tobacco abstinent mothers. Oxidative stress generated by tobacco smoke impairs glutathione homeostasis in both the mother and the newborn. The severity of oxidative processes in the mother co-existing with the reduced potential of antioxidant systems may have a negative effect on the oxidative-antioxidant balance in the newborn.
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spelling pubmed-86983112021-12-24 Influence of Oxidative Stress Generated by Smoking during Pregnancy on Glutathione Status in Mother-Newborn Pairs Chełchowska, Magdalena Gajewska, Joanna Ambroszkiewicz, Jadwiga Mazur, Joanna Ołtarzewski, Mariusz Maciejewski, Tomasz M. Antioxidants (Basel) Article Glutathione plays a key role in maintaining a physiological balance between prooxidants and antioxidants in the human body. Therefore, we examined the influence of maternal smoking as a source of oxidative stress measured by total oxidant capacity (TOC) on reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), glutathione peroxidase (GPx-3), and reductase (GR) amount in maternal and umbilical cord blood in 110 (45 smoking and 65 non-smoking) mother-newborn pairs. Concentrations of glutathione status markers and TOC were evaluated by competitive inhibition enzyme immunoassay technique. Plasma TOC levels were significantly higher and the GSH/GSSG ratio, which is considered an index of the cell’s redox status, were significantly lower in smoking women and their offspring than in non-smoking pairs. Decreased GR levels were found in smoking mothers and their newborns compared with similar non-smoking groups. Although plasma GPx-3 concentrations were similar in both maternal groups, in the cord blood of newborns exposed to tobacco smoke in utero they were reduced compared with the levels observed in children of tobacco abstinent mothers. Oxidative stress generated by tobacco smoke impairs glutathione homeostasis in both the mother and the newborn. The severity of oxidative processes in the mother co-existing with the reduced potential of antioxidant systems may have a negative effect on the oxidative-antioxidant balance in the newborn. MDPI 2021-11-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8698311/ /pubmed/34942969 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10121866 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Chełchowska, Magdalena
Gajewska, Joanna
Ambroszkiewicz, Jadwiga
Mazur, Joanna
Ołtarzewski, Mariusz
Maciejewski, Tomasz M.
Influence of Oxidative Stress Generated by Smoking during Pregnancy on Glutathione Status in Mother-Newborn Pairs
title Influence of Oxidative Stress Generated by Smoking during Pregnancy on Glutathione Status in Mother-Newborn Pairs
title_full Influence of Oxidative Stress Generated by Smoking during Pregnancy on Glutathione Status in Mother-Newborn Pairs
title_fullStr Influence of Oxidative Stress Generated by Smoking during Pregnancy on Glutathione Status in Mother-Newborn Pairs
title_full_unstemmed Influence of Oxidative Stress Generated by Smoking during Pregnancy on Glutathione Status in Mother-Newborn Pairs
title_short Influence of Oxidative Stress Generated by Smoking during Pregnancy on Glutathione Status in Mother-Newborn Pairs
title_sort influence of oxidative stress generated by smoking during pregnancy on glutathione status in mother-newborn pairs
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8698311/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34942969
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10121866
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