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Genomic Analysis of 18th-Century Kazakh Individuals and Their Oral Microbiome

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Paleogenomic research has enhanced our understanding of past human populations and migrations. Moreover, ancient DNA can also provide information on the interactions between humans and their associated pathogens. Periodontitis, currently suffered by millions of people worldwide, is a...

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Autores principales: White, Anna E., de-Dios, Toni, Carrión, Pablo, Bonora, Gian Luca, Llovera, Laia, Cilli, Elisabetta, Lizano, Esther, Khabdulina, Maral K., Tleugabulov, Daniyar T., Olalde, Iñigo, Marquès-Bonet, Tomàs, Balloux, François, Pettener, Davide, van Dorp, Lucy, Luiselli, Donata, Lalueza-Fox, Carles
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8698332/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34943238
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10121324
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author White, Anna E.
de-Dios, Toni
Carrión, Pablo
Bonora, Gian Luca
Llovera, Laia
Cilli, Elisabetta
Lizano, Esther
Khabdulina, Maral K.
Tleugabulov, Daniyar T.
Olalde, Iñigo
Marquès-Bonet, Tomàs
Balloux, François
Pettener, Davide
van Dorp, Lucy
Luiselli, Donata
Lalueza-Fox, Carles
author_facet White, Anna E.
de-Dios, Toni
Carrión, Pablo
Bonora, Gian Luca
Llovera, Laia
Cilli, Elisabetta
Lizano, Esther
Khabdulina, Maral K.
Tleugabulov, Daniyar T.
Olalde, Iñigo
Marquès-Bonet, Tomàs
Balloux, François
Pettener, Davide
van Dorp, Lucy
Luiselli, Donata
Lalueza-Fox, Carles
author_sort White, Anna E.
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Paleogenomic research has enhanced our understanding of past human populations and migrations. Moreover, ancient DNA can also provide information on the interactions between humans and their associated pathogens. Periodontitis, currently suffered by millions of people worldwide, is a gum infection that is caused by pathogenic oral bacteria, widely referred to as the “red complex”, which can lead to tooth loss and has been linked to an increased risk of oesophageal cancer. In this study we combine human population genetics with genomic analysis of the oral microbiome of 18th-century people from the Kazakh Khanate in Kazakhstan to gain insight into their health status and explore bacterial coadaptation to recent dietary changes. ABSTRACT: The Asian Central Steppe, consisting of current-day Kazakhstan and Russia, has acted as a highway for major migrations throughout history. Therefore, describing the genetic composition of past populations in Central Asia holds value to understanding human mobility in this pivotal region. In this study, we analyse paleogenomic data generated from five humans from Kuygenzhar, Kazakhstan. These individuals date to the early to mid-18th century, shortly after the Kazakh Khanate was founded, a union of nomadic tribes of Mongol Golden Horde and Turkic origins. Genomic analysis identifies that these individuals are admixed with varying proportions of East Asian ancestry, indicating a recent admixture event from East Asia. The high amounts of DNA from the anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria Tannerella forsythia, a periodontal pathogen, recovered from their teeth suggest they may have suffered from periodontitis disease. Genomic analysis of this bacterium identified recently evolved virulence and glycosylation genes including the presence of antibiotic resistance genes predating the antibiotic era. This study provides an integrated analysis of individuals with a diet mostly based on meat (mainly horse and lamb), milk, and dairy products and their oral microbiome.
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spelling pubmed-86983322021-12-24 Genomic Analysis of 18th-Century Kazakh Individuals and Their Oral Microbiome White, Anna E. de-Dios, Toni Carrión, Pablo Bonora, Gian Luca Llovera, Laia Cilli, Elisabetta Lizano, Esther Khabdulina, Maral K. Tleugabulov, Daniyar T. Olalde, Iñigo Marquès-Bonet, Tomàs Balloux, François Pettener, Davide van Dorp, Lucy Luiselli, Donata Lalueza-Fox, Carles Biology (Basel) Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: Paleogenomic research has enhanced our understanding of past human populations and migrations. Moreover, ancient DNA can also provide information on the interactions between humans and their associated pathogens. Periodontitis, currently suffered by millions of people worldwide, is a gum infection that is caused by pathogenic oral bacteria, widely referred to as the “red complex”, which can lead to tooth loss and has been linked to an increased risk of oesophageal cancer. In this study we combine human population genetics with genomic analysis of the oral microbiome of 18th-century people from the Kazakh Khanate in Kazakhstan to gain insight into their health status and explore bacterial coadaptation to recent dietary changes. ABSTRACT: The Asian Central Steppe, consisting of current-day Kazakhstan and Russia, has acted as a highway for major migrations throughout history. Therefore, describing the genetic composition of past populations in Central Asia holds value to understanding human mobility in this pivotal region. In this study, we analyse paleogenomic data generated from five humans from Kuygenzhar, Kazakhstan. These individuals date to the early to mid-18th century, shortly after the Kazakh Khanate was founded, a union of nomadic tribes of Mongol Golden Horde and Turkic origins. Genomic analysis identifies that these individuals are admixed with varying proportions of East Asian ancestry, indicating a recent admixture event from East Asia. The high amounts of DNA from the anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria Tannerella forsythia, a periodontal pathogen, recovered from their teeth suggest they may have suffered from periodontitis disease. Genomic analysis of this bacterium identified recently evolved virulence and glycosylation genes including the presence of antibiotic resistance genes predating the antibiotic era. This study provides an integrated analysis of individuals with a diet mostly based on meat (mainly horse and lamb), milk, and dairy products and their oral microbiome. MDPI 2021-12-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8698332/ /pubmed/34943238 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10121324 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
White, Anna E.
de-Dios, Toni
Carrión, Pablo
Bonora, Gian Luca
Llovera, Laia
Cilli, Elisabetta
Lizano, Esther
Khabdulina, Maral K.
Tleugabulov, Daniyar T.
Olalde, Iñigo
Marquès-Bonet, Tomàs
Balloux, François
Pettener, Davide
van Dorp, Lucy
Luiselli, Donata
Lalueza-Fox, Carles
Genomic Analysis of 18th-Century Kazakh Individuals and Their Oral Microbiome
title Genomic Analysis of 18th-Century Kazakh Individuals and Their Oral Microbiome
title_full Genomic Analysis of 18th-Century Kazakh Individuals and Their Oral Microbiome
title_fullStr Genomic Analysis of 18th-Century Kazakh Individuals and Their Oral Microbiome
title_full_unstemmed Genomic Analysis of 18th-Century Kazakh Individuals and Their Oral Microbiome
title_short Genomic Analysis of 18th-Century Kazakh Individuals and Their Oral Microbiome
title_sort genomic analysis of 18th-century kazakh individuals and their oral microbiome
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8698332/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34943238
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10121324
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