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Real Life Clinical Impact of Antimicrobial Stewardship Actions on the Blood Culture Workflow from a Microbiology Laboratory

Background: Accelerating the diagnosis of bacteremia is one of the biggest challenges in clinical microbiology departments. The fast establishment of a correct treatment is determinant on bacteremic patients’ outcomes. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of antimicrobial therapy and clinical ou...

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Autores principales: López-Pintor, Jose Maria, Sánchez-López, Javier, Navarro-San Francisco, Carolina, Sánchez-Díaz, Ana Maria, Loza, Elena, Cantón, Rafael
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8698396/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34943723
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10121511
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author López-Pintor, Jose Maria
Sánchez-López, Javier
Navarro-San Francisco, Carolina
Sánchez-Díaz, Ana Maria
Loza, Elena
Cantón, Rafael
author_facet López-Pintor, Jose Maria
Sánchez-López, Javier
Navarro-San Francisco, Carolina
Sánchez-Díaz, Ana Maria
Loza, Elena
Cantón, Rafael
author_sort López-Pintor, Jose Maria
collection PubMed
description Background: Accelerating the diagnosis of bacteremia is one of the biggest challenges in clinical microbiology departments. The fast establishment of a correct treatment is determinant on bacteremic patients’ outcomes. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of antimicrobial therapy and clinical outcomes of a rapid blood culture workflow protocol in positive blood cultures with Gram-negative bacilli (GNB). Methods: A quasi-experimental before–after study was performed with two groups: (i) control group (conventional work-protocol) and (ii) intervention group (rapid workflow-protocol: rapid identification by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time-Of-Flight (MALDI-TOF) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) from bacterial pellet without overnight incubation). Patients were divided into different categories according to the type of intervention over treatment. Outcomes were compared between both groups. Results: A total of 313 patients with GNB-bacteremia were included: 125 patients in the control group and 188 in the intervention. The time from positive blood culture to intervention on antibiotic treatment decreased from 2.0 days in the control group to 1.0 in the intervention group (p < 0.001). On the maintenance of correct empirical treatment, the control group reported 2.0 median days until the clinical decision, while in the intervention group was 1.0 (p < 0.001). In the case of treatment de-escalation, a significant difference between both groups (4.0 vs. 2.0, p < 0.001) was found. A decreasing trend on the change from inappropriate treatments to appropriate ones was observed: 3.5 vs. 1.5; p = 0.12. No significant differences were found between both groups on 7-days mortality or on readmissions in the first 30-days. Conclusions: Routine implementation of a rapid workflow protocol anticipates the report of antimicrobial susceptibility testing results in patients with GNB-bacteremia, decreasing the time to effective and optimal antibiotic therapy.
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spelling pubmed-86983962021-12-24 Real Life Clinical Impact of Antimicrobial Stewardship Actions on the Blood Culture Workflow from a Microbiology Laboratory López-Pintor, Jose Maria Sánchez-López, Javier Navarro-San Francisco, Carolina Sánchez-Díaz, Ana Maria Loza, Elena Cantón, Rafael Antibiotics (Basel) Article Background: Accelerating the diagnosis of bacteremia is one of the biggest challenges in clinical microbiology departments. The fast establishment of a correct treatment is determinant on bacteremic patients’ outcomes. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of antimicrobial therapy and clinical outcomes of a rapid blood culture workflow protocol in positive blood cultures with Gram-negative bacilli (GNB). Methods: A quasi-experimental before–after study was performed with two groups: (i) control group (conventional work-protocol) and (ii) intervention group (rapid workflow-protocol: rapid identification by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time-Of-Flight (MALDI-TOF) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) from bacterial pellet without overnight incubation). Patients were divided into different categories according to the type of intervention over treatment. Outcomes were compared between both groups. Results: A total of 313 patients with GNB-bacteremia were included: 125 patients in the control group and 188 in the intervention. The time from positive blood culture to intervention on antibiotic treatment decreased from 2.0 days in the control group to 1.0 in the intervention group (p < 0.001). On the maintenance of correct empirical treatment, the control group reported 2.0 median days until the clinical decision, while in the intervention group was 1.0 (p < 0.001). In the case of treatment de-escalation, a significant difference between both groups (4.0 vs. 2.0, p < 0.001) was found. A decreasing trend on the change from inappropriate treatments to appropriate ones was observed: 3.5 vs. 1.5; p = 0.12. No significant differences were found between both groups on 7-days mortality or on readmissions in the first 30-days. Conclusions: Routine implementation of a rapid workflow protocol anticipates the report of antimicrobial susceptibility testing results in patients with GNB-bacteremia, decreasing the time to effective and optimal antibiotic therapy. MDPI 2021-12-09 /pmc/articles/PMC8698396/ /pubmed/34943723 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10121511 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
López-Pintor, Jose Maria
Sánchez-López, Javier
Navarro-San Francisco, Carolina
Sánchez-Díaz, Ana Maria
Loza, Elena
Cantón, Rafael
Real Life Clinical Impact of Antimicrobial Stewardship Actions on the Blood Culture Workflow from a Microbiology Laboratory
title Real Life Clinical Impact of Antimicrobial Stewardship Actions on the Blood Culture Workflow from a Microbiology Laboratory
title_full Real Life Clinical Impact of Antimicrobial Stewardship Actions on the Blood Culture Workflow from a Microbiology Laboratory
title_fullStr Real Life Clinical Impact of Antimicrobial Stewardship Actions on the Blood Culture Workflow from a Microbiology Laboratory
title_full_unstemmed Real Life Clinical Impact of Antimicrobial Stewardship Actions on the Blood Culture Workflow from a Microbiology Laboratory
title_short Real Life Clinical Impact of Antimicrobial Stewardship Actions on the Blood Culture Workflow from a Microbiology Laboratory
title_sort real life clinical impact of antimicrobial stewardship actions on the blood culture workflow from a microbiology laboratory
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8698396/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34943723
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10121511
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