Does Multi-Fiber-Reinforced Composite-Post Influence the Filling Ability and the Bond Strength in Root Canal?

The purpose of the present in vitro study was to investigate the bond strength of root canal dentin and the filling ability of a new multi-fiber-reinforced composite post (mFRC) compared to a conventional single fiber-reinforced-composite post (sFRC). Twenty-eight freshly maxillary first permanent single-rooted premolars were instrumented and divided into groups (n = 14). Group 1: single-fiber-reinforced composite (sFRC), group 2: multi-fiber-reinforced composite (mFRC). Bonding procedures were performed using a dual-cure universal adhesive system and resin cement. All specimens were sectioned so that seven discs of 1 mm of thickness were obtained from each root. An optical microscope was used before the push-out test to measure the total area of the voids and to determine the length of the smaller/bigger circumferences. The push-out bond strength (PBS) test was performed using an Instron universal testing machine. Data were then compared by one-way ANOVA on ranks (α = 0.05). The dentin–cement–post interface was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). At the coronal third, a significantly higher bond strength (p < 0.05) was obtained in the sFRC group (44.7 ± 13.1 MPa) compared to the mFRC group (37.2 ± 9.2 MPa). No significant difference was detected between the groups at the middle third (sFRC group “33.7 ± 12.5 MPa” and mFRC group “32.6 ± 12.4 MPa”) (p > 0.05). Voids were significantly lower in the mFRC compared to those observed in the sFRC group (p < 0.05) at the coronal third. Whereas, no significant difference was found at the middle third (p > 0.05) between the tested groups. Filling ability was overall improved when employing mFRC, although such technique might have characteristic limitations concerning the bond strength to dentin.