Cargando…

Neurocognitive Performance Improvement after Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment: State of the Art

Background: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) syndrome is a respiratory sleep disorder characterized by partial or complete episodes of upper airway collapse with reduction or complete cessation of airflow. Although the connection remains debated, several mechanisms such as intermittent hypoxemia, sleep...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Pollicina, Isabella, Maniaci, Antonino, Lechien, Jerome R., Iannella, Giannicola, Vicini, Claudio, Cammaroto, Giovanni, Cannavicci, Angelo, Magliulo, Giuseppe, Pace, Annalisa, Cocuzza, Salvatore, Di Luca, Milena, Stilo, Giovanna, Di Mauro, Paola, Bianco, Maria Rita, Murabito, Paolo, Bannò, Vittoria, La Mantia, Ignazio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8698492/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34940115
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs11120180
_version_ 1784620292452122624
author Pollicina, Isabella
Maniaci, Antonino
Lechien, Jerome R.
Iannella, Giannicola
Vicini, Claudio
Cammaroto, Giovanni
Cannavicci, Angelo
Magliulo, Giuseppe
Pace, Annalisa
Cocuzza, Salvatore
Di Luca, Milena
Stilo, Giovanna
Di Mauro, Paola
Bianco, Maria Rita
Murabito, Paolo
Bannò, Vittoria
La Mantia, Ignazio
author_facet Pollicina, Isabella
Maniaci, Antonino
Lechien, Jerome R.
Iannella, Giannicola
Vicini, Claudio
Cammaroto, Giovanni
Cannavicci, Angelo
Magliulo, Giuseppe
Pace, Annalisa
Cocuzza, Salvatore
Di Luca, Milena
Stilo, Giovanna
Di Mauro, Paola
Bianco, Maria Rita
Murabito, Paolo
Bannò, Vittoria
La Mantia, Ignazio
author_sort Pollicina, Isabella
collection PubMed
description Background: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) syndrome is a respiratory sleep disorder characterized by partial or complete episodes of upper airway collapse with reduction or complete cessation of airflow. Although the connection remains debated, several mechanisms such as intermittent hypoxemia, sleep deprivation, hypercapnia disruption of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis have been associated with poor neurocognitive performance. Different treatments have been proposed to treat OSAS patients as continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), mandibular advancement devices (MAD), surgery; however, the effect on neurocognitive functions is still debated. This article presents the effect of OSAS treatments on neurocognitive performance by reviewing the literature. Methods: We performed a comprehensive review of the English language over the past 20 years using the following keywords: neurocognitive performance and sleep apnea, neurocognitive improvement and CPAP, OSAS, and cognitive dysfunction. We included in the analysis papers that correlated OSA treatment with neurocognitive performance improvement. All validated tests used to measure different neurocognitive performance improvements were considered. Results: Seventy papers reported neurocognitive Performance improvement in OSA patients after CPAP therapy. Eighty percent of studies found improved executive functions such as verbal fluency or working memory, with partial neural recovery at long-term follow-up. One article compared the effect of MAD, CPAP treatment on cognitive disorders, reporting better improvement of CPAP and MAD than placebo in cognitive function. Conclusions: CPAP treatment seems to improve cognitive defects associated with OSA. Limited studies have evaluated the effects of the other therapies on cognitive function.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8698492
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-86984922021-12-24 Neurocognitive Performance Improvement after Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment: State of the Art Pollicina, Isabella Maniaci, Antonino Lechien, Jerome R. Iannella, Giannicola Vicini, Claudio Cammaroto, Giovanni Cannavicci, Angelo Magliulo, Giuseppe Pace, Annalisa Cocuzza, Salvatore Di Luca, Milena Stilo, Giovanna Di Mauro, Paola Bianco, Maria Rita Murabito, Paolo Bannò, Vittoria La Mantia, Ignazio Behav Sci (Basel) Review Background: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) syndrome is a respiratory sleep disorder characterized by partial or complete episodes of upper airway collapse with reduction or complete cessation of airflow. Although the connection remains debated, several mechanisms such as intermittent hypoxemia, sleep deprivation, hypercapnia disruption of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis have been associated with poor neurocognitive performance. Different treatments have been proposed to treat OSAS patients as continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), mandibular advancement devices (MAD), surgery; however, the effect on neurocognitive functions is still debated. This article presents the effect of OSAS treatments on neurocognitive performance by reviewing the literature. Methods: We performed a comprehensive review of the English language over the past 20 years using the following keywords: neurocognitive performance and sleep apnea, neurocognitive improvement and CPAP, OSAS, and cognitive dysfunction. We included in the analysis papers that correlated OSA treatment with neurocognitive performance improvement. All validated tests used to measure different neurocognitive performance improvements were considered. Results: Seventy papers reported neurocognitive Performance improvement in OSA patients after CPAP therapy. Eighty percent of studies found improved executive functions such as verbal fluency or working memory, with partial neural recovery at long-term follow-up. One article compared the effect of MAD, CPAP treatment on cognitive disorders, reporting better improvement of CPAP and MAD than placebo in cognitive function. Conclusions: CPAP treatment seems to improve cognitive defects associated with OSA. Limited studies have evaluated the effects of the other therapies on cognitive function. MDPI 2021-12-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8698492/ /pubmed/34940115 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs11120180 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Pollicina, Isabella
Maniaci, Antonino
Lechien, Jerome R.
Iannella, Giannicola
Vicini, Claudio
Cammaroto, Giovanni
Cannavicci, Angelo
Magliulo, Giuseppe
Pace, Annalisa
Cocuzza, Salvatore
Di Luca, Milena
Stilo, Giovanna
Di Mauro, Paola
Bianco, Maria Rita
Murabito, Paolo
Bannò, Vittoria
La Mantia, Ignazio
Neurocognitive Performance Improvement after Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment: State of the Art
title Neurocognitive Performance Improvement after Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment: State of the Art
title_full Neurocognitive Performance Improvement after Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment: State of the Art
title_fullStr Neurocognitive Performance Improvement after Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment: State of the Art
title_full_unstemmed Neurocognitive Performance Improvement after Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment: State of the Art
title_short Neurocognitive Performance Improvement after Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment: State of the Art
title_sort neurocognitive performance improvement after obstructive sleep apnea treatment: state of the art
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8698492/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34940115
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs11120180
work_keys_str_mv AT pollicinaisabella neurocognitiveperformanceimprovementafterobstructivesleepapneatreatmentstateoftheart
AT maniaciantonino neurocognitiveperformanceimprovementafterobstructivesleepapneatreatmentstateoftheart
AT lechienjeromer neurocognitiveperformanceimprovementafterobstructivesleepapneatreatmentstateoftheart
AT iannellagiannicola neurocognitiveperformanceimprovementafterobstructivesleepapneatreatmentstateoftheart
AT viciniclaudio neurocognitiveperformanceimprovementafterobstructivesleepapneatreatmentstateoftheart
AT cammarotogiovanni neurocognitiveperformanceimprovementafterobstructivesleepapneatreatmentstateoftheart
AT cannavicciangelo neurocognitiveperformanceimprovementafterobstructivesleepapneatreatmentstateoftheart
AT magliulogiuseppe neurocognitiveperformanceimprovementafterobstructivesleepapneatreatmentstateoftheart
AT paceannalisa neurocognitiveperformanceimprovementafterobstructivesleepapneatreatmentstateoftheart
AT cocuzzasalvatore neurocognitiveperformanceimprovementafterobstructivesleepapneatreatmentstateoftheart
AT dilucamilena neurocognitiveperformanceimprovementafterobstructivesleepapneatreatmentstateoftheart
AT stilogiovanna neurocognitiveperformanceimprovementafterobstructivesleepapneatreatmentstateoftheart
AT dimauropaola neurocognitiveperformanceimprovementafterobstructivesleepapneatreatmentstateoftheart
AT biancomariarita neurocognitiveperformanceimprovementafterobstructivesleepapneatreatmentstateoftheart
AT murabitopaolo neurocognitiveperformanceimprovementafterobstructivesleepapneatreatmentstateoftheart
AT bannovittoria neurocognitiveperformanceimprovementafterobstructivesleepapneatreatmentstateoftheart
AT lamantiaignazio neurocognitiveperformanceimprovementafterobstructivesleepapneatreatmentstateoftheart