Genetic, Epigenetic, Genomic and Microbial Approaches to Enhance Salt Tolerance of Plants: A Comprehensive Review
SIMPLE SUMMARY: Globally, soil salinity, which refers to salt-affected soils, is increasing due to various environmental factors and human activities. Soil salinity poses one of the most serious challenges in the field of agriculture as it significantly reduces the growth and yield of crop plants, b...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8698797/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34943170 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10121255 |
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author | Saradadevi, Gargi Prasad Das, Debajit Mangrauthia, Satendra K. Mohapatra, Sridev Chikkaputtaiah, Channakeshavaiah Roorkiwal, Manish Solanki, Manish Sundaram, Raman Meenakshi Chirravuri, Neeraja N. Sakhare, Akshay S. Kota, Suneetha Varshney, Rajeev K. Mohannath, Gireesha |
author_facet | Saradadevi, Gargi Prasad Das, Debajit Mangrauthia, Satendra K. Mohapatra, Sridev Chikkaputtaiah, Channakeshavaiah Roorkiwal, Manish Solanki, Manish Sundaram, Raman Meenakshi Chirravuri, Neeraja N. Sakhare, Akshay S. Kota, Suneetha Varshney, Rajeev K. Mohannath, Gireesha |
author_sort | Saradadevi, Gargi Prasad |
collection | PubMed |
description | SIMPLE SUMMARY: Globally, soil salinity, which refers to salt-affected soils, is increasing due to various environmental factors and human activities. Soil salinity poses one of the most serious challenges in the field of agriculture as it significantly reduces the growth and yield of crop plants, both quantitatively and qualitatively. Over the last few decades, several studies have been carried out to understand plant biology in response to soil salinity stress with a major emphasis on genetic and other hereditary components. Based on the outcome of these studies, several approaches are being followed to enhance plants’ ability to tolerate salt stress while still maintaining reasonable levels of crop yields. In this manuscript, we comprehensively list and discuss various biological approaches being followed and, based on the recent advances in the field of molecular biology, we propose some new approaches to improve salinity tolerance of crop plants. The global scientific community can make use of this information for the betterment of crop plants. This review also highlights the importance of maintaining global soil health to prevent several crop plant losses. ABSTRACT: Globally, soil salinity has been on the rise owing to various factors that are both human and environmental. The abiotic stress caused by soil salinity has become one of the most damaging abiotic stresses faced by crop plants, resulting in significant yield losses. Salt stress induces physiological and morphological modifications in plants as a result of significant changes in gene expression patterns and signal transduction cascades. In this comprehensive review, with a major focus on recent advances in the field of plant molecular biology, we discuss several approaches to enhance salinity tolerance in plants comprising various classical and advanced genetic and genetic engineering approaches, genomics and genome editing technologies, and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR)-based approaches. Furthermore, based on recent advances in the field of epigenetics, we propose novel approaches to create and exploit heritable genome-wide epigenetic variation in crop plants to enhance salinity tolerance. Specifically, we describe the concepts and the underlying principles of epigenetic recombinant inbred lines (epiRILs) and other epigenetic variants and methods to generate them. The proposed epigenetic approaches also have the potential to create additional genetic variation by modulating meiotic crossover frequency. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8698797 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86987972021-12-24 Genetic, Epigenetic, Genomic and Microbial Approaches to Enhance Salt Tolerance of Plants: A Comprehensive Review Saradadevi, Gargi Prasad Das, Debajit Mangrauthia, Satendra K. Mohapatra, Sridev Chikkaputtaiah, Channakeshavaiah Roorkiwal, Manish Solanki, Manish Sundaram, Raman Meenakshi Chirravuri, Neeraja N. Sakhare, Akshay S. Kota, Suneetha Varshney, Rajeev K. Mohannath, Gireesha Biology (Basel) Review SIMPLE SUMMARY: Globally, soil salinity, which refers to salt-affected soils, is increasing due to various environmental factors and human activities. Soil salinity poses one of the most serious challenges in the field of agriculture as it significantly reduces the growth and yield of crop plants, both quantitatively and qualitatively. Over the last few decades, several studies have been carried out to understand plant biology in response to soil salinity stress with a major emphasis on genetic and other hereditary components. Based on the outcome of these studies, several approaches are being followed to enhance plants’ ability to tolerate salt stress while still maintaining reasonable levels of crop yields. In this manuscript, we comprehensively list and discuss various biological approaches being followed and, based on the recent advances in the field of molecular biology, we propose some new approaches to improve salinity tolerance of crop plants. The global scientific community can make use of this information for the betterment of crop plants. This review also highlights the importance of maintaining global soil health to prevent several crop plant losses. ABSTRACT: Globally, soil salinity has been on the rise owing to various factors that are both human and environmental. The abiotic stress caused by soil salinity has become one of the most damaging abiotic stresses faced by crop plants, resulting in significant yield losses. Salt stress induces physiological and morphological modifications in plants as a result of significant changes in gene expression patterns and signal transduction cascades. In this comprehensive review, with a major focus on recent advances in the field of plant molecular biology, we discuss several approaches to enhance salinity tolerance in plants comprising various classical and advanced genetic and genetic engineering approaches, genomics and genome editing technologies, and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR)-based approaches. Furthermore, based on recent advances in the field of epigenetics, we propose novel approaches to create and exploit heritable genome-wide epigenetic variation in crop plants to enhance salinity tolerance. Specifically, we describe the concepts and the underlying principles of epigenetic recombinant inbred lines (epiRILs) and other epigenetic variants and methods to generate them. The proposed epigenetic approaches also have the potential to create additional genetic variation by modulating meiotic crossover frequency. MDPI 2021-12-01 /pmc/articles/PMC8698797/ /pubmed/34943170 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10121255 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Saradadevi, Gargi Prasad Das, Debajit Mangrauthia, Satendra K. Mohapatra, Sridev Chikkaputtaiah, Channakeshavaiah Roorkiwal, Manish Solanki, Manish Sundaram, Raman Meenakshi Chirravuri, Neeraja N. Sakhare, Akshay S. Kota, Suneetha Varshney, Rajeev K. Mohannath, Gireesha Genetic, Epigenetic, Genomic and Microbial Approaches to Enhance Salt Tolerance of Plants: A Comprehensive Review |
title | Genetic, Epigenetic, Genomic and Microbial Approaches to Enhance Salt Tolerance of Plants: A Comprehensive Review |
title_full | Genetic, Epigenetic, Genomic and Microbial Approaches to Enhance Salt Tolerance of Plants: A Comprehensive Review |
title_fullStr | Genetic, Epigenetic, Genomic and Microbial Approaches to Enhance Salt Tolerance of Plants: A Comprehensive Review |
title_full_unstemmed | Genetic, Epigenetic, Genomic and Microbial Approaches to Enhance Salt Tolerance of Plants: A Comprehensive Review |
title_short | Genetic, Epigenetic, Genomic and Microbial Approaches to Enhance Salt Tolerance of Plants: A Comprehensive Review |
title_sort | genetic, epigenetic, genomic and microbial approaches to enhance salt tolerance of plants: a comprehensive review |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8698797/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34943170 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10121255 |
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