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Age Related Differences in Monocyte Subsets and Cytokine Pattern during Acute COVID-19—A Prospective Observational Longitudinal Study
The COVID-19 pandemic drastically highlighted the vulnerability of the elderly population towards viral and other infectious threats, illustrating that aging is accompanied by dysregulated immune responses currently summarized in terms like inflammaging and immunoparalysis. To gain a better understa...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8699549/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34943881 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10123373 |
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author | Pirabe, Anita Heber, Stefan Schrottmaier, Waltraud C. Schmuckenschlager, Anna Treiber, Sonja Pereyra, David Santol, Jonas Pawelka, Erich Traugott, Marianna Schörgenhofer, Christian Seitz, Tamara Karolyi, Mario Jilma, Bernd Resch, Ulrike Zoufaly, Alexander Assinger, Alice |
author_facet | Pirabe, Anita Heber, Stefan Schrottmaier, Waltraud C. Schmuckenschlager, Anna Treiber, Sonja Pereyra, David Santol, Jonas Pawelka, Erich Traugott, Marianna Schörgenhofer, Christian Seitz, Tamara Karolyi, Mario Jilma, Bernd Resch, Ulrike Zoufaly, Alexander Assinger, Alice |
author_sort | Pirabe, Anita |
collection | PubMed |
description | The COVID-19 pandemic drastically highlighted the vulnerability of the elderly population towards viral and other infectious threats, illustrating that aging is accompanied by dysregulated immune responses currently summarized in terms like inflammaging and immunoparalysis. To gain a better understanding on the underlying mechanisms of the age-associated risk of adverse outcome in individuals experiencing a SARS-CoV-2 infection, we analyzed the impact of age on circulating monocyte phenotypes, activation markers and inflammatory cytokines including interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in the context of COVID-19 disease progression and outcome in 110 patients. Our data indicate no age-associated differences in peripheral monocyte counts or subset composition. However, age and outcome are associated with differences in monocyte activation status. Moreover, a distinct cytokine pattern of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF in elderly survivors versus non-survivors, which consolidates over the time of hospitalization, suggests that older patients with adverse outcomes experience an inappropriate immune response, reminiscent of an inflammaging driven immunoparalysis. Our study underscores the value, necessity and importance of longitudinal monitoring in elderly COVID-19 patients, as dynamic changes after symptom onset can be observed, which allow for a differentiated insight into confounding factors that impact the complex pathogenesis following an infection with SARS-CoV-2. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8699549 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-86995492021-12-24 Age Related Differences in Monocyte Subsets and Cytokine Pattern during Acute COVID-19—A Prospective Observational Longitudinal Study Pirabe, Anita Heber, Stefan Schrottmaier, Waltraud C. Schmuckenschlager, Anna Treiber, Sonja Pereyra, David Santol, Jonas Pawelka, Erich Traugott, Marianna Schörgenhofer, Christian Seitz, Tamara Karolyi, Mario Jilma, Bernd Resch, Ulrike Zoufaly, Alexander Assinger, Alice Cells Article The COVID-19 pandemic drastically highlighted the vulnerability of the elderly population towards viral and other infectious threats, illustrating that aging is accompanied by dysregulated immune responses currently summarized in terms like inflammaging and immunoparalysis. To gain a better understanding on the underlying mechanisms of the age-associated risk of adverse outcome in individuals experiencing a SARS-CoV-2 infection, we analyzed the impact of age on circulating monocyte phenotypes, activation markers and inflammatory cytokines including interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in the context of COVID-19 disease progression and outcome in 110 patients. Our data indicate no age-associated differences in peripheral monocyte counts or subset composition. However, age and outcome are associated with differences in monocyte activation status. Moreover, a distinct cytokine pattern of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF in elderly survivors versus non-survivors, which consolidates over the time of hospitalization, suggests that older patients with adverse outcomes experience an inappropriate immune response, reminiscent of an inflammaging driven immunoparalysis. Our study underscores the value, necessity and importance of longitudinal monitoring in elderly COVID-19 patients, as dynamic changes after symptom onset can be observed, which allow for a differentiated insight into confounding factors that impact the complex pathogenesis following an infection with SARS-CoV-2. MDPI 2021-11-30 /pmc/articles/PMC8699549/ /pubmed/34943881 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10123373 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Pirabe, Anita Heber, Stefan Schrottmaier, Waltraud C. Schmuckenschlager, Anna Treiber, Sonja Pereyra, David Santol, Jonas Pawelka, Erich Traugott, Marianna Schörgenhofer, Christian Seitz, Tamara Karolyi, Mario Jilma, Bernd Resch, Ulrike Zoufaly, Alexander Assinger, Alice Age Related Differences in Monocyte Subsets and Cytokine Pattern during Acute COVID-19—A Prospective Observational Longitudinal Study |
title | Age Related Differences in Monocyte Subsets and Cytokine Pattern during Acute COVID-19—A Prospective Observational Longitudinal Study |
title_full | Age Related Differences in Monocyte Subsets and Cytokine Pattern during Acute COVID-19—A Prospective Observational Longitudinal Study |
title_fullStr | Age Related Differences in Monocyte Subsets and Cytokine Pattern during Acute COVID-19—A Prospective Observational Longitudinal Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Age Related Differences in Monocyte Subsets and Cytokine Pattern during Acute COVID-19—A Prospective Observational Longitudinal Study |
title_short | Age Related Differences in Monocyte Subsets and Cytokine Pattern during Acute COVID-19—A Prospective Observational Longitudinal Study |
title_sort | age related differences in monocyte subsets and cytokine pattern during acute covid-19—a prospective observational longitudinal study |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8699549/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34943881 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10123373 |
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