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The Challenge to the Pathologist of PD-L1 Expression in Tumor Cells of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer—An Overview

In recent years, the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been fundamentally changed by immunotherapy where the immune system is reactivated using anti-programmed cell death protein 1/programmed death ligand 1 (PD1/PD-L1) checkpoint inhibition. With this, the immunohistological detect...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Jöhrens, Korinna, Rüschoff, Josef
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8699902/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34940076
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol28060437
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author Jöhrens, Korinna
Rüschoff, Josef
author_facet Jöhrens, Korinna
Rüschoff, Josef
author_sort Jöhrens, Korinna
collection PubMed
description In recent years, the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been fundamentally changed by immunotherapy where the immune system is reactivated using anti-programmed cell death protein 1/programmed death ligand 1 (PD1/PD-L1) checkpoint inhibition. With this, the immunohistological detection of PD-L1 has become one of the most important predictive biomarkers, leading pathologists to play a central role in the immuno-oncological therapy decisions. This has brought them the challenge of requiring the knowledge of relevant checkpoint inhibitors (CI), different PD-L1 scores and cut-offs as well as the choice of the right tissues and controls. Their involvement is also required in the careful validation of both clinical trial assays (CTAs) and laboratory developed tests (LDTs), in addition to the internal and external quality assessment and the interpretation and scoring of the staining based on specialist training. After the training of tumor proportion score (TPS) scoring in NSCLC, pathologists show a high level of concordance, with some variation between different cut-offs. Since not all patients benefit from immunotherapy, further research is needed to validate new predictive markers and optimize existing ones. In this context, these studies focus on a combination of PD-L1 and molecular signatures.
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spelling pubmed-86999022021-12-24 The Challenge to the Pathologist of PD-L1 Expression in Tumor Cells of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer—An Overview Jöhrens, Korinna Rüschoff, Josef Curr Oncol Review In recent years, the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been fundamentally changed by immunotherapy where the immune system is reactivated using anti-programmed cell death protein 1/programmed death ligand 1 (PD1/PD-L1) checkpoint inhibition. With this, the immunohistological detection of PD-L1 has become one of the most important predictive biomarkers, leading pathologists to play a central role in the immuno-oncological therapy decisions. This has brought them the challenge of requiring the knowledge of relevant checkpoint inhibitors (CI), different PD-L1 scores and cut-offs as well as the choice of the right tissues and controls. Their involvement is also required in the careful validation of both clinical trial assays (CTAs) and laboratory developed tests (LDTs), in addition to the internal and external quality assessment and the interpretation and scoring of the staining based on specialist training. After the training of tumor proportion score (TPS) scoring in NSCLC, pathologists show a high level of concordance, with some variation between different cut-offs. Since not all patients benefit from immunotherapy, further research is needed to validate new predictive markers and optimize existing ones. In this context, these studies focus on a combination of PD-L1 and molecular signatures. MDPI 2021-12-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8699902/ /pubmed/34940076 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol28060437 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Jöhrens, Korinna
Rüschoff, Josef
The Challenge to the Pathologist of PD-L1 Expression in Tumor Cells of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer—An Overview
title The Challenge to the Pathologist of PD-L1 Expression in Tumor Cells of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer—An Overview
title_full The Challenge to the Pathologist of PD-L1 Expression in Tumor Cells of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer—An Overview
title_fullStr The Challenge to the Pathologist of PD-L1 Expression in Tumor Cells of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer—An Overview
title_full_unstemmed The Challenge to the Pathologist of PD-L1 Expression in Tumor Cells of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer—An Overview
title_short The Challenge to the Pathologist of PD-L1 Expression in Tumor Cells of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer—An Overview
title_sort challenge to the pathologist of pd-l1 expression in tumor cells of non-small-cell lung cancer—an overview
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8699902/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34940076
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol28060437
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