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The Use of Nanomedicine to Target Signaling by the PAK Kinases for Disease Treatment

P21-activated kinases (PAKs) are serine/threonine kinases involved in the regulation of cell survival, proliferation, inhibition of apoptosis, and the regulation of cell morphology. Some members of the PAK family are highly expressed in several types of cancer, and they have also been implicated in...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Wang, Yiling, Minden, Audrey
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8700304/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34944073
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10123565
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author Wang, Yiling
Minden, Audrey
author_facet Wang, Yiling
Minden, Audrey
author_sort Wang, Yiling
collection PubMed
description P21-activated kinases (PAKs) are serine/threonine kinases involved in the regulation of cell survival, proliferation, inhibition of apoptosis, and the regulation of cell morphology. Some members of the PAK family are highly expressed in several types of cancer, and they have also been implicated in several other medical disorders. They are thus considered to be good targets for treatment of cancer and other diseases. Although there are several inhibitors of the PAKs, the utility of some of these inhibitors is reduced for several reasons, including limited metabolic stability. One way to overcome this problem is the use of nanoparticles, which have the potential to increase drug delivery. The overall goals of this review are to describe the roles for PAK kinases in cell signaling and disease, and to describe how the use of nanomedicine is a promising new method for administering PAK inhibitors for the purpose of disease treatment and research. We discuss some of the basic mechanisms behind nanomedicine technology, and we then describe how these techniques are being used to package and deliver PAK inhibitors.
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spelling pubmed-87003042021-12-24 The Use of Nanomedicine to Target Signaling by the PAK Kinases for Disease Treatment Wang, Yiling Minden, Audrey Cells Review P21-activated kinases (PAKs) are serine/threonine kinases involved in the regulation of cell survival, proliferation, inhibition of apoptosis, and the regulation of cell morphology. Some members of the PAK family are highly expressed in several types of cancer, and they have also been implicated in several other medical disorders. They are thus considered to be good targets for treatment of cancer and other diseases. Although there are several inhibitors of the PAKs, the utility of some of these inhibitors is reduced for several reasons, including limited metabolic stability. One way to overcome this problem is the use of nanoparticles, which have the potential to increase drug delivery. The overall goals of this review are to describe the roles for PAK kinases in cell signaling and disease, and to describe how the use of nanomedicine is a promising new method for administering PAK inhibitors for the purpose of disease treatment and research. We discuss some of the basic mechanisms behind nanomedicine technology, and we then describe how these techniques are being used to package and deliver PAK inhibitors. MDPI 2021-12-17 /pmc/articles/PMC8700304/ /pubmed/34944073 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10123565 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Wang, Yiling
Minden, Audrey
The Use of Nanomedicine to Target Signaling by the PAK Kinases for Disease Treatment
title The Use of Nanomedicine to Target Signaling by the PAK Kinases for Disease Treatment
title_full The Use of Nanomedicine to Target Signaling by the PAK Kinases for Disease Treatment
title_fullStr The Use of Nanomedicine to Target Signaling by the PAK Kinases for Disease Treatment
title_full_unstemmed The Use of Nanomedicine to Target Signaling by the PAK Kinases for Disease Treatment
title_short The Use of Nanomedicine to Target Signaling by the PAK Kinases for Disease Treatment
title_sort use of nanomedicine to target signaling by the pak kinases for disease treatment
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8700304/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34944073
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10123565
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