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Ecological Effects of Benzyl Chloride on Different Korean Aquatic Indigenous Species Using an Artificial Stream Mesocosm Simulating a Chemical Spill

In this study, an artificial stream mesocosm consisting of a head tank, faster-flowing riffle section, gravel section, pool section, lower-run section, and tail tank was installed to simulate a chemical spill in a river. The responses of freshwater periphyton algae, crustacea (Moina macrocopa), fres...

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Autores principales: Kim, Soo-Yeon, Park, Seong-Hwan, Kim, Dae-Wook, Noh, Won, Lee, Sang-Jun, Jeong, Hee-Jin, Park, Jong-Bin, Gwak, Yeong-Ji, Park, Jin-Woo, Yeom, Dong-Hyuk
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8703321/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34941781
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics9120347
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author Kim, Soo-Yeon
Park, Seong-Hwan
Kim, Dae-Wook
Noh, Won
Lee, Sang-Jun
Jeong, Hee-Jin
Park, Jong-Bin
Gwak, Yeong-Ji
Park, Jin-Woo
Yeom, Dong-Hyuk
author_facet Kim, Soo-Yeon
Park, Seong-Hwan
Kim, Dae-Wook
Noh, Won
Lee, Sang-Jun
Jeong, Hee-Jin
Park, Jong-Bin
Gwak, Yeong-Ji
Park, Jin-Woo
Yeom, Dong-Hyuk
author_sort Kim, Soo-Yeon
collection PubMed
description In this study, an artificial stream mesocosm consisting of a head tank, faster-flowing riffle section, gravel section, pool section, lower-run section, and tail tank was installed to simulate a chemical spill in a river. The responses of freshwater periphyton algae, crustacea (Moina macrocopa), freshwater worm (Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri), benthic midge (Glyptotendipes tokunagai), and fish (Zacco platypus and Aphyocypris chinensis) were observed after exposure to benzyl chloride (classified as an accident preparedness substance, APS) at concentrations of 1, 2, and 4 µL/L for 22.5 h. Higher concentrations increased the inhibition (photosynthetic efficiency decrease) of periphyton algae and the mortality of M. macrocopa, whereas the reproduction of the female cladoceran decreased in the 4 µL/L treatment. Mortality of fish did not occur or was lower (≤20%) at all concentrations; however, toxic symptoms were observed for some time after chemical exposure termination and later, symptoms receded. G. tokunagai mortality increased at all concentrations except the control after seven days, and no significant toxic effects were observed in L. hoffmeisteri. The hazardous concentration of benzyl chloride was calculated as 94 µg/L. This study showed the different sensitivities of each species to benzyl chloride. The findings can assist in environmental risk assessment of APSs after chemical spills to protect Korean aquatic species.
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spelling pubmed-87033212021-12-25 Ecological Effects of Benzyl Chloride on Different Korean Aquatic Indigenous Species Using an Artificial Stream Mesocosm Simulating a Chemical Spill Kim, Soo-Yeon Park, Seong-Hwan Kim, Dae-Wook Noh, Won Lee, Sang-Jun Jeong, Hee-Jin Park, Jong-Bin Gwak, Yeong-Ji Park, Jin-Woo Yeom, Dong-Hyuk Toxics Article In this study, an artificial stream mesocosm consisting of a head tank, faster-flowing riffle section, gravel section, pool section, lower-run section, and tail tank was installed to simulate a chemical spill in a river. The responses of freshwater periphyton algae, crustacea (Moina macrocopa), freshwater worm (Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri), benthic midge (Glyptotendipes tokunagai), and fish (Zacco platypus and Aphyocypris chinensis) were observed after exposure to benzyl chloride (classified as an accident preparedness substance, APS) at concentrations of 1, 2, and 4 µL/L for 22.5 h. Higher concentrations increased the inhibition (photosynthetic efficiency decrease) of periphyton algae and the mortality of M. macrocopa, whereas the reproduction of the female cladoceran decreased in the 4 µL/L treatment. Mortality of fish did not occur or was lower (≤20%) at all concentrations; however, toxic symptoms were observed for some time after chemical exposure termination and later, symptoms receded. G. tokunagai mortality increased at all concentrations except the control after seven days, and no significant toxic effects were observed in L. hoffmeisteri. The hazardous concentration of benzyl chloride was calculated as 94 µg/L. This study showed the different sensitivities of each species to benzyl chloride. The findings can assist in environmental risk assessment of APSs after chemical spills to protect Korean aquatic species. MDPI 2021-12-09 /pmc/articles/PMC8703321/ /pubmed/34941781 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics9120347 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Kim, Soo-Yeon
Park, Seong-Hwan
Kim, Dae-Wook
Noh, Won
Lee, Sang-Jun
Jeong, Hee-Jin
Park, Jong-Bin
Gwak, Yeong-Ji
Park, Jin-Woo
Yeom, Dong-Hyuk
Ecological Effects of Benzyl Chloride on Different Korean Aquatic Indigenous Species Using an Artificial Stream Mesocosm Simulating a Chemical Spill
title Ecological Effects of Benzyl Chloride on Different Korean Aquatic Indigenous Species Using an Artificial Stream Mesocosm Simulating a Chemical Spill
title_full Ecological Effects of Benzyl Chloride on Different Korean Aquatic Indigenous Species Using an Artificial Stream Mesocosm Simulating a Chemical Spill
title_fullStr Ecological Effects of Benzyl Chloride on Different Korean Aquatic Indigenous Species Using an Artificial Stream Mesocosm Simulating a Chemical Spill
title_full_unstemmed Ecological Effects of Benzyl Chloride on Different Korean Aquatic Indigenous Species Using an Artificial Stream Mesocosm Simulating a Chemical Spill
title_short Ecological Effects of Benzyl Chloride on Different Korean Aquatic Indigenous Species Using an Artificial Stream Mesocosm Simulating a Chemical Spill
title_sort ecological effects of benzyl chloride on different korean aquatic indigenous species using an artificial stream mesocosm simulating a chemical spill
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8703321/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34941781
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics9120347
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