A Review of UK-Registered and Candidate Vaccines for Bovine Respiratory Disease

Vaccination is widely regarded as a cornerstone in animal or herd health and infectious disease management. Nineteen vaccines against the major pathogens implicated in bovine respiratory disease are registered for use in the UK by the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD). However, despite annual p...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Lemon, Joanne L., McMenamy, Michael J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Review
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8703677/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34960149
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121403
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author Lemon, Joanne L.
McMenamy, Michael J.
author_facet Lemon, Joanne L.
McMenamy, Michael J.
author_sort Lemon, Joanne L.
collection PubMed
description Vaccination is widely regarded as a cornerstone in animal or herd health and infectious disease management. Nineteen vaccines against the major pathogens implicated in bovine respiratory disease are registered for use in the UK by the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD). However, despite annual prophylactic vaccination, bovine respiratory disease is still conservatively estimated to cost the UK economy approximately £80 million per annum. This review examines the vaccine types available, discusses the surrounding literature and scientific rationale of the limitations and assesses the potential of novel vaccine technologies.
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spelling pubmed-87036772021-12-25 A Review of UK-Registered and Candidate Vaccines for Bovine Respiratory Disease Lemon, Joanne L. McMenamy, Michael J. Vaccines (Basel) Review Vaccination is widely regarded as a cornerstone in animal or herd health and infectious disease management. Nineteen vaccines against the major pathogens implicated in bovine respiratory disease are registered for use in the UK by the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD). However, despite annual prophylactic vaccination, bovine respiratory disease is still conservatively estimated to cost the UK economy approximately £80 million per annum. This review examines the vaccine types available, discusses the surrounding literature and scientific rationale of the limitations and assesses the potential of novel vaccine technologies. MDPI 2021-11-27 /pmc/articles/PMC8703677/ /pubmed/34960149 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121403 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Lemon, Joanne L.
McMenamy, Michael J.
A Review of UK-Registered and Candidate Vaccines for Bovine Respiratory Disease
title A Review of UK-Registered and Candidate Vaccines for Bovine Respiratory Disease
title_full A Review of UK-Registered and Candidate Vaccines for Bovine Respiratory Disease
title_fullStr A Review of UK-Registered and Candidate Vaccines for Bovine Respiratory Disease
title_full_unstemmed A Review of UK-Registered and Candidate Vaccines for Bovine Respiratory Disease
title_short A Review of UK-Registered and Candidate Vaccines for Bovine Respiratory Disease
title_sort review of uk-registered and candidate vaccines for bovine respiratory disease
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8703677/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34960149
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121403
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