Composite Fiber Spun Mat Synthesis and In Vitro Biocompatibility for Guide Tissue Engineering

Composite scaffolds are commonly used strategies and materials employed to achieve similar analogs of bone tissue. This study aims to fabricate 10% wt polylactic acid (PLA) composite fiber scaffolds by the air-jet spinning technique (AJS) doped with 0.5 or 0.1 g of zirconium oxide nanoparticles (ZrO(2)) for guide bone tissue engineering. ZrO(2) nanoparticles were obtained by the hydrothermal method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyzed the synthesized PLA/ZrO(2) fiber scaffolds. The in vitro biocompatibility and bioactivity of the PLA/ZrO(2) were studied using human fetal osteoblast cells. Our results showed that the hydrothermal technique allowed ZrO(2) nanoparticles to be obtained. SEM analysis showed that PLA/ZrO(2) composite has a fiber diameter of 395 nm, and the FITR spectra confirmed that the scaffolds’ chemical characteristics are not affected by the synthesized technique. In vitro studies demonstrated that PLA/ZrO(2) scaffolds increased cell adhesion, cellular proliferation, and biomineralization of osteoblasts. In conclusion, the PLA/ZrO(2) scaffolds are bioactive, improve osteoblasts behavior, and can be used in tissue bone engineering applications.