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Regulation of Neuroendocrine-like Differentiation in Prostate Cancer by Non-Coding RNAs

Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) represents a variant of prostate cancer that occurs in response to treatment resistance or, to a much lesser extent, de novo. Unravelling the molecular mechanisms behind transdifferentiation of cancer cells to neuroendocrine-like cancer cells is essential for de...

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Autores principales: Slabáková, Eva, Kahounová, Zuzana, Procházková, Jiřina, Souček, Karel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8704250/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34940756
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ncrna7040075
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author Slabáková, Eva
Kahounová, Zuzana
Procházková, Jiřina
Souček, Karel
author_facet Slabáková, Eva
Kahounová, Zuzana
Procházková, Jiřina
Souček, Karel
author_sort Slabáková, Eva
collection PubMed
description Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) represents a variant of prostate cancer that occurs in response to treatment resistance or, to a much lesser extent, de novo. Unravelling the molecular mechanisms behind transdifferentiation of cancer cells to neuroendocrine-like cancer cells is essential for development of new treatment opportunities. This review focuses on summarizing the role of small molecules, predominantly microRNAs, in this phenomenon. A published literature search was performed to identify microRNAs, which are reported and experimentally validated to modulate neuroendocrine markers and/or regulators and to affect the complex neuroendocrine phenotype. Next, available patients’ expression datasets were surveyed to identify deregulated microRNAs, and their effect on NEPC and prostate cancer progression is summarized. Finally, possibilities of miRNA detection and quantification in body fluids of prostate cancer patients and their possible use as liquid biopsy in prostate cancer monitoring are discussed. All the addressed clinical and experimental contexts point to an association of NEPC with upregulation of miR-375 and downregulation of miR-34a and miR-19b-3p. Together, this review provides an overview of different roles of non-coding RNAs in the emergence of neuroendocrine prostate cancer.
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spelling pubmed-87042502021-12-25 Regulation of Neuroendocrine-like Differentiation in Prostate Cancer by Non-Coding RNAs Slabáková, Eva Kahounová, Zuzana Procházková, Jiřina Souček, Karel Noncoding RNA Review Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) represents a variant of prostate cancer that occurs in response to treatment resistance or, to a much lesser extent, de novo. Unravelling the molecular mechanisms behind transdifferentiation of cancer cells to neuroendocrine-like cancer cells is essential for development of new treatment opportunities. This review focuses on summarizing the role of small molecules, predominantly microRNAs, in this phenomenon. A published literature search was performed to identify microRNAs, which are reported and experimentally validated to modulate neuroendocrine markers and/or regulators and to affect the complex neuroendocrine phenotype. Next, available patients’ expression datasets were surveyed to identify deregulated microRNAs, and their effect on NEPC and prostate cancer progression is summarized. Finally, possibilities of miRNA detection and quantification in body fluids of prostate cancer patients and their possible use as liquid biopsy in prostate cancer monitoring are discussed. All the addressed clinical and experimental contexts point to an association of NEPC with upregulation of miR-375 and downregulation of miR-34a and miR-19b-3p. Together, this review provides an overview of different roles of non-coding RNAs in the emergence of neuroendocrine prostate cancer. MDPI 2021-12-02 /pmc/articles/PMC8704250/ /pubmed/34940756 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ncrna7040075 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Slabáková, Eva
Kahounová, Zuzana
Procházková, Jiřina
Souček, Karel
Regulation of Neuroendocrine-like Differentiation in Prostate Cancer by Non-Coding RNAs
title Regulation of Neuroendocrine-like Differentiation in Prostate Cancer by Non-Coding RNAs
title_full Regulation of Neuroendocrine-like Differentiation in Prostate Cancer by Non-Coding RNAs
title_fullStr Regulation of Neuroendocrine-like Differentiation in Prostate Cancer by Non-Coding RNAs
title_full_unstemmed Regulation of Neuroendocrine-like Differentiation in Prostate Cancer by Non-Coding RNAs
title_short Regulation of Neuroendocrine-like Differentiation in Prostate Cancer by Non-Coding RNAs
title_sort regulation of neuroendocrine-like differentiation in prostate cancer by non-coding rnas
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8704250/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34940756
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ncrna7040075
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