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Cooperativity and Interdependency between RNA Structure and RNA–RNA Interactions

Complex RNA–RNA interactions are increasingly known to play key roles in numerous biological processes from gene expression control to ribonucleoprotein granule formation. By contrast, the nature of these interactions and characteristics of their interfaces, especially those that involve partially o...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Skeparnias, Ilias, Zhang, Jinwei
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8704770/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34940761
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ncrna7040081
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author Skeparnias, Ilias
Zhang, Jinwei
author_facet Skeparnias, Ilias
Zhang, Jinwei
author_sort Skeparnias, Ilias
collection PubMed
description Complex RNA–RNA interactions are increasingly known to play key roles in numerous biological processes from gene expression control to ribonucleoprotein granule formation. By contrast, the nature of these interactions and characteristics of their interfaces, especially those that involve partially or wholly structured RNAs, remain elusive. Herein, we discuss different modalities of RNA–RNA interactions with an emphasis on those that depend on secondary, tertiary, or quaternary structure. We dissect recently structurally elucidated RNA–RNA complexes including RNA triplexes, riboswitches, ribozymes, and reverse transcription complexes. These analyses highlight a reciprocal relationship that intimately links RNA structure formation with RNA–RNA interactions. The interactions not only shape and sculpt RNA structures but also are enabled and modulated by the structures they create. Understanding this two-way relationship between RNA structure and interactions provides mechanistic insights into the expanding repertoire of noncoding RNA functions, and may inform the design of novel therapeutics that target RNA structures or interactions.
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spelling pubmed-87047702021-12-25 Cooperativity and Interdependency between RNA Structure and RNA–RNA Interactions Skeparnias, Ilias Zhang, Jinwei Noncoding RNA Review Complex RNA–RNA interactions are increasingly known to play key roles in numerous biological processes from gene expression control to ribonucleoprotein granule formation. By contrast, the nature of these interactions and characteristics of their interfaces, especially those that involve partially or wholly structured RNAs, remain elusive. Herein, we discuss different modalities of RNA–RNA interactions with an emphasis on those that depend on secondary, tertiary, or quaternary structure. We dissect recently structurally elucidated RNA–RNA complexes including RNA triplexes, riboswitches, ribozymes, and reverse transcription complexes. These analyses highlight a reciprocal relationship that intimately links RNA structure formation with RNA–RNA interactions. The interactions not only shape and sculpt RNA structures but also are enabled and modulated by the structures they create. Understanding this two-way relationship between RNA structure and interactions provides mechanistic insights into the expanding repertoire of noncoding RNA functions, and may inform the design of novel therapeutics that target RNA structures or interactions. MDPI 2021-12-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8704770/ /pubmed/34940761 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ncrna7040081 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Skeparnias, Ilias
Zhang, Jinwei
Cooperativity and Interdependency between RNA Structure and RNA–RNA Interactions
title Cooperativity and Interdependency between RNA Structure and RNA–RNA Interactions
title_full Cooperativity and Interdependency between RNA Structure and RNA–RNA Interactions
title_fullStr Cooperativity and Interdependency between RNA Structure and RNA–RNA Interactions
title_full_unstemmed Cooperativity and Interdependency between RNA Structure and RNA–RNA Interactions
title_short Cooperativity and Interdependency between RNA Structure and RNA–RNA Interactions
title_sort cooperativity and interdependency between rna structure and rna–rna interactions
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8704770/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34940761
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ncrna7040081
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