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Physiological and Molecular Mechanisms of ABA and CaCl(2) Regulating Chilling Tolerance of Cucumber Seedlings
Cold stress is a limiting factor to the growth and development of cucumber in the temperate regions; hence, improving the crop’s tolerance to low temperature is highly pertinent. The regulation of low-temperature tolerance with exogenous ABA and CaCl(2) was investigated in the cucumber variety Zhong...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8705041/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34961219 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10122746 |
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author | Feng, Qian Yang, Sen Wang, Yijia Lu, Lu Sun, Mintao He, Chaoxing Wang, Jun Li, Yansu Yu, Xianchang Li, Qingyun Yan, Yan |
author_facet | Feng, Qian Yang, Sen Wang, Yijia Lu, Lu Sun, Mintao He, Chaoxing Wang, Jun Li, Yansu Yu, Xianchang Li, Qingyun Yan, Yan |
author_sort | Feng, Qian |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cold stress is a limiting factor to the growth and development of cucumber in the temperate regions; hence, improving the crop’s tolerance to low temperature is highly pertinent. The regulation of low-temperature tolerance with exogenous ABA and CaCl(2) was investigated in the cucumber variety Zhongnong 26. Under low-temperature conditions (day/night 12/12 h at 5 °C), seedlings were sprayed with a single application of ABA, CaCl(2), or a combination of both. Our analysis included a calculated chilling injury index, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, relative electrical conductivity, antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, and APX), leaf tissue structure, and expression of cold-related genes by transcriptome sequencing. Compared with the water control treatment, the combined ABA + CaCl(2) treatment significantly improved the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) of the seedlings by 34.47%, 59.66%, and 118.80%, respectively (p < 0.05), and significantly reduced the chilling injury index, relative electrical conductivity, and MDA content, by 89.47%, 62.17%, and 44.55%, respectively (p < 0.05). Transcriptome analysis showed that compared with the water control treatment, 3442 genes were differentially expressed for the combined treatment, 3921 for the ABA treatment, and 1333 for the CaCl(2) treatment. KEGG enrichment analysis for both the ABA and combined ABA + CaCl(2) treatments (as compared to the water control) showed that it mainly involves genes of the photosynthesis pathway and metabolic pathways. Differentially expressed genes following the CaCl(2) treatment were mainly involved in plant hormone signal transduction, plant–pathogen interaction, MAPK signaling pathway–plant, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and circadian rhythm–plant. qRT-PCR analysis and RNA-seq results showed a consistent trend in variation of differential gene expression. Overall, this study demonstrated that although all three treatments provided some protection, the combined treatment of ABA (35 mg/L) with CaCl(2) (500 mg/L) afforded the best results. A combined ABA + CaCl(2) treatment can effectively alleviate cold-stress damage to cucumber seedlings by inducing physiological changes in photosynthesis and metabolism, and provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the application of exogenous ABA and CaCl(2) for low-temperature protection of cucumber seedlings. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8705041 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87050412021-12-25 Physiological and Molecular Mechanisms of ABA and CaCl(2) Regulating Chilling Tolerance of Cucumber Seedlings Feng, Qian Yang, Sen Wang, Yijia Lu, Lu Sun, Mintao He, Chaoxing Wang, Jun Li, Yansu Yu, Xianchang Li, Qingyun Yan, Yan Plants (Basel) Article Cold stress is a limiting factor to the growth and development of cucumber in the temperate regions; hence, improving the crop’s tolerance to low temperature is highly pertinent. The regulation of low-temperature tolerance with exogenous ABA and CaCl(2) was investigated in the cucumber variety Zhongnong 26. Under low-temperature conditions (day/night 12/12 h at 5 °C), seedlings were sprayed with a single application of ABA, CaCl(2), or a combination of both. Our analysis included a calculated chilling injury index, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, relative electrical conductivity, antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, and APX), leaf tissue structure, and expression of cold-related genes by transcriptome sequencing. Compared with the water control treatment, the combined ABA + CaCl(2) treatment significantly improved the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) of the seedlings by 34.47%, 59.66%, and 118.80%, respectively (p < 0.05), and significantly reduced the chilling injury index, relative electrical conductivity, and MDA content, by 89.47%, 62.17%, and 44.55%, respectively (p < 0.05). Transcriptome analysis showed that compared with the water control treatment, 3442 genes were differentially expressed for the combined treatment, 3921 for the ABA treatment, and 1333 for the CaCl(2) treatment. KEGG enrichment analysis for both the ABA and combined ABA + CaCl(2) treatments (as compared to the water control) showed that it mainly involves genes of the photosynthesis pathway and metabolic pathways. Differentially expressed genes following the CaCl(2) treatment were mainly involved in plant hormone signal transduction, plant–pathogen interaction, MAPK signaling pathway–plant, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and circadian rhythm–plant. qRT-PCR analysis and RNA-seq results showed a consistent trend in variation of differential gene expression. Overall, this study demonstrated that although all three treatments provided some protection, the combined treatment of ABA (35 mg/L) with CaCl(2) (500 mg/L) afforded the best results. A combined ABA + CaCl(2) treatment can effectively alleviate cold-stress damage to cucumber seedlings by inducing physiological changes in photosynthesis and metabolism, and provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the application of exogenous ABA and CaCl(2) for low-temperature protection of cucumber seedlings. MDPI 2021-12-13 /pmc/articles/PMC8705041/ /pubmed/34961219 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10122746 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Feng, Qian Yang, Sen Wang, Yijia Lu, Lu Sun, Mintao He, Chaoxing Wang, Jun Li, Yansu Yu, Xianchang Li, Qingyun Yan, Yan Physiological and Molecular Mechanisms of ABA and CaCl(2) Regulating Chilling Tolerance of Cucumber Seedlings |
title | Physiological and Molecular Mechanisms of ABA and CaCl(2) Regulating Chilling Tolerance of Cucumber Seedlings |
title_full | Physiological and Molecular Mechanisms of ABA and CaCl(2) Regulating Chilling Tolerance of Cucumber Seedlings |
title_fullStr | Physiological and Molecular Mechanisms of ABA and CaCl(2) Regulating Chilling Tolerance of Cucumber Seedlings |
title_full_unstemmed | Physiological and Molecular Mechanisms of ABA and CaCl(2) Regulating Chilling Tolerance of Cucumber Seedlings |
title_short | Physiological and Molecular Mechanisms of ABA and CaCl(2) Regulating Chilling Tolerance of Cucumber Seedlings |
title_sort | physiological and molecular mechanisms of aba and cacl(2) regulating chilling tolerance of cucumber seedlings |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8705041/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34961219 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10122746 |
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