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Enhancement of Physical Characteristics of Styrene–Acrylonitrile Nanofiber Membranes Using Various Post-Treatments for Membrane Distillation
Insufficient mechanical strength and wide pore size distribution of nanofibrous membranes are the key hindrances for their concrete applications in membrane distillation. In this work, various post-treatment methods such as dilute solvent welding, vapor welding, and cold-/hot-pressing processes were...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8705235/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34940469 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11120969 |
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author | Sallakhniknezhad, Reza Khorsi, Manijeh Niknejad, Ali Sallakh Bazgir, Saeed Kargari, Ali Sazegar, Mohsen Rasouli, Mohsen Chae, Soryong |
author_facet | Sallakhniknezhad, Reza Khorsi, Manijeh Niknejad, Ali Sallakh Bazgir, Saeed Kargari, Ali Sazegar, Mohsen Rasouli, Mohsen Chae, Soryong |
author_sort | Sallakhniknezhad, Reza |
collection | PubMed |
description | Insufficient mechanical strength and wide pore size distribution of nanofibrous membranes are the key hindrances for their concrete applications in membrane distillation. In this work, various post-treatment methods such as dilute solvent welding, vapor welding, and cold-/hot-pressing processes were used to enhance the physical properties of styrene–acrylonitrile (SAN) nanofiber membranes fabricated by the modified electrospinning process. The effects of injection rate of welding solution and a working distance during the welding process with air-assisted spraying on characteristics of SAN nanofiber membranes were investigated. The welding process was made less time-consuming by optimizing system parameters of the electroblowing process to simultaneously exploit residual solvents of fibers and hot solvent vapor to reduce exposure time. As a result, the welded SAN membranes showed considerable enhancement in mechanical robustness and membrane integrity with a negligible reduction in surface hydrophobicity. The hot-pressed SAN membranes obtained the highest mechanical strength and smallest mean pore size. The modified SAN membranes were used for the desalination of synthetic seawater in a direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD). As a result, it was found that the modified SAN membranes performed well (>99.9% removal of salts) for desalination of synthetic seawater (35 g/L NaCl) during 30 h operation without membrane wetting. The cold-/hot-pressing processes were able to improve mechanical strength and boost liquid entry pressure (LEP) of water. In contrast, the welding processes were preferred to increase membrane flexibility and permeation. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8705235 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87052352021-12-25 Enhancement of Physical Characteristics of Styrene–Acrylonitrile Nanofiber Membranes Using Various Post-Treatments for Membrane Distillation Sallakhniknezhad, Reza Khorsi, Manijeh Niknejad, Ali Sallakh Bazgir, Saeed Kargari, Ali Sazegar, Mohsen Rasouli, Mohsen Chae, Soryong Membranes (Basel) Article Insufficient mechanical strength and wide pore size distribution of nanofibrous membranes are the key hindrances for their concrete applications in membrane distillation. In this work, various post-treatment methods such as dilute solvent welding, vapor welding, and cold-/hot-pressing processes were used to enhance the physical properties of styrene–acrylonitrile (SAN) nanofiber membranes fabricated by the modified electrospinning process. The effects of injection rate of welding solution and a working distance during the welding process with air-assisted spraying on characteristics of SAN nanofiber membranes were investigated. The welding process was made less time-consuming by optimizing system parameters of the electroblowing process to simultaneously exploit residual solvents of fibers and hot solvent vapor to reduce exposure time. As a result, the welded SAN membranes showed considerable enhancement in mechanical robustness and membrane integrity with a negligible reduction in surface hydrophobicity. The hot-pressed SAN membranes obtained the highest mechanical strength and smallest mean pore size. The modified SAN membranes were used for the desalination of synthetic seawater in a direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD). As a result, it was found that the modified SAN membranes performed well (>99.9% removal of salts) for desalination of synthetic seawater (35 g/L NaCl) during 30 h operation without membrane wetting. The cold-/hot-pressing processes were able to improve mechanical strength and boost liquid entry pressure (LEP) of water. In contrast, the welding processes were preferred to increase membrane flexibility and permeation. MDPI 2021-12-09 /pmc/articles/PMC8705235/ /pubmed/34940469 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11120969 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Sallakhniknezhad, Reza Khorsi, Manijeh Niknejad, Ali Sallakh Bazgir, Saeed Kargari, Ali Sazegar, Mohsen Rasouli, Mohsen Chae, Soryong Enhancement of Physical Characteristics of Styrene–Acrylonitrile Nanofiber Membranes Using Various Post-Treatments for Membrane Distillation |
title | Enhancement of Physical Characteristics of Styrene–Acrylonitrile Nanofiber Membranes Using Various Post-Treatments for Membrane Distillation |
title_full | Enhancement of Physical Characteristics of Styrene–Acrylonitrile Nanofiber Membranes Using Various Post-Treatments for Membrane Distillation |
title_fullStr | Enhancement of Physical Characteristics of Styrene–Acrylonitrile Nanofiber Membranes Using Various Post-Treatments for Membrane Distillation |
title_full_unstemmed | Enhancement of Physical Characteristics of Styrene–Acrylonitrile Nanofiber Membranes Using Various Post-Treatments for Membrane Distillation |
title_short | Enhancement of Physical Characteristics of Styrene–Acrylonitrile Nanofiber Membranes Using Various Post-Treatments for Membrane Distillation |
title_sort | enhancement of physical characteristics of styrene–acrylonitrile nanofiber membranes using various post-treatments for membrane distillation |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8705235/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34940469 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11120969 |
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