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Detailed Evolutionary Analyses of the F Gene in the Respiratory Syncytial Virus Subgroup A

We performed evolution, phylodynamics, and reinfection-related antigenicity analyses of respiratory syncytial virus subgroup A (RSV-A) fusion (F) gene in globally collected strains (1465 strains) using authentic bioinformatics methods. The time-scaled evolutionary tree using the Bayesian Markov chai...

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Autores principales: Saito, Mariko, Tsukagoshi, Hiroyuki, Sada, Mitsuru, Sunagawa, Soyoka, Shirai, Tatsuya, Okayama, Kaori, Sugai, Toshiyuki, Tsugawa, Takeshi, Hayashi, Yuriko, Ryo, Akihide, Takeda, Makoto, Kawashima, Hisashi, Saruki, Nobuhiro, Kimura, Hirokazu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8706373/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34960794
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13122525
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author Saito, Mariko
Tsukagoshi, Hiroyuki
Sada, Mitsuru
Sunagawa, Soyoka
Shirai, Tatsuya
Okayama, Kaori
Sugai, Toshiyuki
Tsugawa, Takeshi
Hayashi, Yuriko
Ryo, Akihide
Takeda, Makoto
Kawashima, Hisashi
Saruki, Nobuhiro
Kimura, Hirokazu
author_facet Saito, Mariko
Tsukagoshi, Hiroyuki
Sada, Mitsuru
Sunagawa, Soyoka
Shirai, Tatsuya
Okayama, Kaori
Sugai, Toshiyuki
Tsugawa, Takeshi
Hayashi, Yuriko
Ryo, Akihide
Takeda, Makoto
Kawashima, Hisashi
Saruki, Nobuhiro
Kimura, Hirokazu
author_sort Saito, Mariko
collection PubMed
description We performed evolution, phylodynamics, and reinfection-related antigenicity analyses of respiratory syncytial virus subgroup A (RSV-A) fusion (F) gene in globally collected strains (1465 strains) using authentic bioinformatics methods. The time-scaled evolutionary tree using the Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo method estimated that a common ancestor of the RSV-A, RSV-B, and bovine-RSV diverged at around 450 years ago, and RSV-A and RSV-B diverged around 250 years ago. Finally, the RSV-A F gene formed eight genotypes (GA1-GA7 and NA1) over the last 80 years. Phylodynamics of RSV-A F gene, including all genotype strains, increased twice in the 1990s and 2010s, while patterns of each RSV-A genotype were different. Phylogenetic distance analysis suggested that the genetic distances of the strains were relatively short (less than 0.05). No positive selection sites were estimated, while many negative selection sites were found. Moreover, the F protein 3D structure mapping and conformational epitope analysis implied that the conformational epitopes did not correspond to the neutralizing antibody binding sites of the F protein. These results suggested that the RSV-A F gene is relatively conserved, and mismatches between conformational epitopes and neutralizing antibody binding sites of the F protein are responsible for the virus reinfection.
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spelling pubmed-87063732021-12-25 Detailed Evolutionary Analyses of the F Gene in the Respiratory Syncytial Virus Subgroup A Saito, Mariko Tsukagoshi, Hiroyuki Sada, Mitsuru Sunagawa, Soyoka Shirai, Tatsuya Okayama, Kaori Sugai, Toshiyuki Tsugawa, Takeshi Hayashi, Yuriko Ryo, Akihide Takeda, Makoto Kawashima, Hisashi Saruki, Nobuhiro Kimura, Hirokazu Viruses Article We performed evolution, phylodynamics, and reinfection-related antigenicity analyses of respiratory syncytial virus subgroup A (RSV-A) fusion (F) gene in globally collected strains (1465 strains) using authentic bioinformatics methods. The time-scaled evolutionary tree using the Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo method estimated that a common ancestor of the RSV-A, RSV-B, and bovine-RSV diverged at around 450 years ago, and RSV-A and RSV-B diverged around 250 years ago. Finally, the RSV-A F gene formed eight genotypes (GA1-GA7 and NA1) over the last 80 years. Phylodynamics of RSV-A F gene, including all genotype strains, increased twice in the 1990s and 2010s, while patterns of each RSV-A genotype were different. Phylogenetic distance analysis suggested that the genetic distances of the strains were relatively short (less than 0.05). No positive selection sites were estimated, while many negative selection sites were found. Moreover, the F protein 3D structure mapping and conformational epitope analysis implied that the conformational epitopes did not correspond to the neutralizing antibody binding sites of the F protein. These results suggested that the RSV-A F gene is relatively conserved, and mismatches between conformational epitopes and neutralizing antibody binding sites of the F protein are responsible for the virus reinfection. MDPI 2021-12-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8706373/ /pubmed/34960794 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13122525 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Saito, Mariko
Tsukagoshi, Hiroyuki
Sada, Mitsuru
Sunagawa, Soyoka
Shirai, Tatsuya
Okayama, Kaori
Sugai, Toshiyuki
Tsugawa, Takeshi
Hayashi, Yuriko
Ryo, Akihide
Takeda, Makoto
Kawashima, Hisashi
Saruki, Nobuhiro
Kimura, Hirokazu
Detailed Evolutionary Analyses of the F Gene in the Respiratory Syncytial Virus Subgroup A
title Detailed Evolutionary Analyses of the F Gene in the Respiratory Syncytial Virus Subgroup A
title_full Detailed Evolutionary Analyses of the F Gene in the Respiratory Syncytial Virus Subgroup A
title_fullStr Detailed Evolutionary Analyses of the F Gene in the Respiratory Syncytial Virus Subgroup A
title_full_unstemmed Detailed Evolutionary Analyses of the F Gene in the Respiratory Syncytial Virus Subgroup A
title_short Detailed Evolutionary Analyses of the F Gene in the Respiratory Syncytial Virus Subgroup A
title_sort detailed evolutionary analyses of the f gene in the respiratory syncytial virus subgroup a
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8706373/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34960794
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13122525
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