Cargando…
Host Immunity and Francisella tularensis: A Review of Tularemia in Immunocompromised Patients
Tularemia, caused by the bacterium Francisella tularensis, is an infrequent zoonotic infection, well known in immunocompetent (but poorly described in immunocompromised) patients. Although there is no clear literature data about the specific characteristics of this disease in immunocompromised patie...
Autores principales: | , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8707036/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34946140 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9122539 |
_version_ | 1784622338439905280 |
---|---|
author | Bahuaud, Olivier Le Brun, Cécile Lemaignen, Adrien |
author_facet | Bahuaud, Olivier Le Brun, Cécile Lemaignen, Adrien |
author_sort | Bahuaud, Olivier |
collection | PubMed |
description | Tularemia, caused by the bacterium Francisella tularensis, is an infrequent zoonotic infection, well known in immunocompetent (but poorly described in immunocompromised) patients. Although there is no clear literature data about the specific characteristics of this disease in immunocompromised patients, clinical reports seem to describe a different presentation of tularemia in these patients. Moreover, atypical clinical presentations added to the fastidiousness of pathogen identification seem to be responsible for a delayed diagnosis, leading to a” loss of chance” for immunocompromised patients. In this article, we first provide an overview of the host immune responses to Francisella infections and discuss how immunosuppressive therapies or diseases can lead to a higher susceptibility to tularemia. Then, we describe the particular clinical patterns of tularemia in immunocompromised patients from the literature. We also provide hints of an alternative diagnostic strategy regarding these patients. In conclusion, tularemia should be considered in immunocompromised patients presenting pulmonary symptoms or unexplained fever. Molecular techniques on pathological tissues might improve diagnosis with faster results. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8707036 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87070362021-12-25 Host Immunity and Francisella tularensis: A Review of Tularemia in Immunocompromised Patients Bahuaud, Olivier Le Brun, Cécile Lemaignen, Adrien Microorganisms Review Tularemia, caused by the bacterium Francisella tularensis, is an infrequent zoonotic infection, well known in immunocompetent (but poorly described in immunocompromised) patients. Although there is no clear literature data about the specific characteristics of this disease in immunocompromised patients, clinical reports seem to describe a different presentation of tularemia in these patients. Moreover, atypical clinical presentations added to the fastidiousness of pathogen identification seem to be responsible for a delayed diagnosis, leading to a” loss of chance” for immunocompromised patients. In this article, we first provide an overview of the host immune responses to Francisella infections and discuss how immunosuppressive therapies or diseases can lead to a higher susceptibility to tularemia. Then, we describe the particular clinical patterns of tularemia in immunocompromised patients from the literature. We also provide hints of an alternative diagnostic strategy regarding these patients. In conclusion, tularemia should be considered in immunocompromised patients presenting pulmonary symptoms or unexplained fever. Molecular techniques on pathological tissues might improve diagnosis with faster results. MDPI 2021-12-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8707036/ /pubmed/34946140 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9122539 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Bahuaud, Olivier Le Brun, Cécile Lemaignen, Adrien Host Immunity and Francisella tularensis: A Review of Tularemia in Immunocompromised Patients |
title | Host Immunity and Francisella tularensis: A Review of Tularemia in Immunocompromised Patients |
title_full | Host Immunity and Francisella tularensis: A Review of Tularemia in Immunocompromised Patients |
title_fullStr | Host Immunity and Francisella tularensis: A Review of Tularemia in Immunocompromised Patients |
title_full_unstemmed | Host Immunity and Francisella tularensis: A Review of Tularemia in Immunocompromised Patients |
title_short | Host Immunity and Francisella tularensis: A Review of Tularemia in Immunocompromised Patients |
title_sort | host immunity and francisella tularensis: a review of tularemia in immunocompromised patients |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8707036/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34946140 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9122539 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT bahuaudolivier hostimmunityandfrancisellatularensisareviewoftularemiainimmunocompromisedpatients AT lebruncecile hostimmunityandfrancisellatularensisareviewoftularemiainimmunocompromisedpatients AT lemaignenadrien hostimmunityandfrancisellatularensisareviewoftularemiainimmunocompromisedpatients |