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Host Factors Affect the Gut Microbiome More Significantly than Diet Shift

The determining factors of the composition of the gut microbiome are one of the main interests in current science. In this work, we compared the effect of diet shift (DS) from heavily relying on meatatarian diets to vegetarian diets and physical exercise (EX) on the composition of the gut microbiome...

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Autores principales: Lkhagva, Enkhchimeg, Chung, Hea-Jong, Ahn, Ji-Seon, Hong, Seong-Tshool
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8707884/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34946120
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9122520
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author Lkhagva, Enkhchimeg
Chung, Hea-Jong
Ahn, Ji-Seon
Hong, Seong-Tshool
author_facet Lkhagva, Enkhchimeg
Chung, Hea-Jong
Ahn, Ji-Seon
Hong, Seong-Tshool
author_sort Lkhagva, Enkhchimeg
collection PubMed
description The determining factors of the composition of the gut microbiome are one of the main interests in current science. In this work, we compared the effect of diet shift (DS) from heavily relying on meatatarian diets to vegetarian diets and physical exercise (EX) on the composition of the gut microbiome after 3 months. Although both DS and EX affected the composition of the gut microbiome, the patterns of alteration were different. The α-diversity analyzed by InvSimpson, Shannon, Simpson, and Evenness showed that both EX and DS affected the microbiome, causing it to become more diverse, but EX affected the gut microbiome more significantly than DS. The β-diversity analyses indicated that EX and DS modified the gut microbiome in two different directions. Co-occurrence network analysis confirmed that both EX and DS modified the gut microbiome in different directions, although EX modified the gut microbiome more significantly. Most notably, the abundance of Dialister succinatiphilus was upregulated by EX, and the abundances of Bacteroides fragilis, Phascolarctobacterium faecium, and Megasphaera elsdenii were downregulated by both EX and DS. Overall, EX modulated the composition of the gut microbiome more significantly than DS, meaning that host factors are more important in determining the gut microbiome than diets. This work also provides a new theoretical basis for why physical exercise is more health-beneficial than vegetarian diets.
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spelling pubmed-87078842021-12-25 Host Factors Affect the Gut Microbiome More Significantly than Diet Shift Lkhagva, Enkhchimeg Chung, Hea-Jong Ahn, Ji-Seon Hong, Seong-Tshool Microorganisms Article The determining factors of the composition of the gut microbiome are one of the main interests in current science. In this work, we compared the effect of diet shift (DS) from heavily relying on meatatarian diets to vegetarian diets and physical exercise (EX) on the composition of the gut microbiome after 3 months. Although both DS and EX affected the composition of the gut microbiome, the patterns of alteration were different. The α-diversity analyzed by InvSimpson, Shannon, Simpson, and Evenness showed that both EX and DS affected the microbiome, causing it to become more diverse, but EX affected the gut microbiome more significantly than DS. The β-diversity analyses indicated that EX and DS modified the gut microbiome in two different directions. Co-occurrence network analysis confirmed that both EX and DS modified the gut microbiome in different directions, although EX modified the gut microbiome more significantly. Most notably, the abundance of Dialister succinatiphilus was upregulated by EX, and the abundances of Bacteroides fragilis, Phascolarctobacterium faecium, and Megasphaera elsdenii were downregulated by both EX and DS. Overall, EX modulated the composition of the gut microbiome more significantly than DS, meaning that host factors are more important in determining the gut microbiome than diets. This work also provides a new theoretical basis for why physical exercise is more health-beneficial than vegetarian diets. MDPI 2021-12-06 /pmc/articles/PMC8707884/ /pubmed/34946120 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9122520 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lkhagva, Enkhchimeg
Chung, Hea-Jong
Ahn, Ji-Seon
Hong, Seong-Tshool
Host Factors Affect the Gut Microbiome More Significantly than Diet Shift
title Host Factors Affect the Gut Microbiome More Significantly than Diet Shift
title_full Host Factors Affect the Gut Microbiome More Significantly than Diet Shift
title_fullStr Host Factors Affect the Gut Microbiome More Significantly than Diet Shift
title_full_unstemmed Host Factors Affect the Gut Microbiome More Significantly than Diet Shift
title_short Host Factors Affect the Gut Microbiome More Significantly than Diet Shift
title_sort host factors affect the gut microbiome more significantly than diet shift
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8707884/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34946120
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9122520
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