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The Development of Third-Generation Tetracycline Antibiotics and New Perspectives

The tetracycline antibiotic class has acquired new valuable members due to the optimisation of the chemical structure. The first modern tetracycline introduced into therapy was tigecycline, followed by omadacycline, eravacycline, and sarecycline (the third generation). Structural and physicochemical...

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Autores principales: Rusu, Aura, Buta, Emanuela Lorena
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8707899/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34959366
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13122085
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author Rusu, Aura
Buta, Emanuela Lorena
author_facet Rusu, Aura
Buta, Emanuela Lorena
author_sort Rusu, Aura
collection PubMed
description The tetracycline antibiotic class has acquired new valuable members due to the optimisation of the chemical structure. The first modern tetracycline introduced into therapy was tigecycline, followed by omadacycline, eravacycline, and sarecycline (the third generation). Structural and physicochemical key elements which led to the discovery of modern tetracyclines are approached. Thus, several chemical subgroups are distinguished, such as glycylcyclines, aminomethylcyclines, and fluorocyclines, which have excellent development potential. The antibacterial spectrum comprises several resistant bacteria, including those resistant to old tetracyclines. Sarecycline, a narrow-spectrum tetracycline, is notable for being very effective against Cutinebacterium acnes. The mechanism of antibacterial action from the perspective of the new compound is approached. Several severe bacterial infections are treated with tigecycline, omadacycline, and eravacycline (with parenteral or oral formulations). In addition, sarecycline is very useful in treating acne vulgaris. Tetracyclines also have other non-antibiotic properties that require in-depth studies, such as the anti-inflammatory effect effect of sarecycline. The main side effects of modern tetracyclines are described in accordance with published clinical studies. Undoubtedly, this class of antibiotics continues to arouse the interest of researchers. As a result, new derivatives are developed and studied primarily for the antibiotic effect and other biological effects.
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spelling pubmed-87078992021-12-25 The Development of Third-Generation Tetracycline Antibiotics and New Perspectives Rusu, Aura Buta, Emanuela Lorena Pharmaceutics Review The tetracycline antibiotic class has acquired new valuable members due to the optimisation of the chemical structure. The first modern tetracycline introduced into therapy was tigecycline, followed by omadacycline, eravacycline, and sarecycline (the third generation). Structural and physicochemical key elements which led to the discovery of modern tetracyclines are approached. Thus, several chemical subgroups are distinguished, such as glycylcyclines, aminomethylcyclines, and fluorocyclines, which have excellent development potential. The antibacterial spectrum comprises several resistant bacteria, including those resistant to old tetracyclines. Sarecycline, a narrow-spectrum tetracycline, is notable for being very effective against Cutinebacterium acnes. The mechanism of antibacterial action from the perspective of the new compound is approached. Several severe bacterial infections are treated with tigecycline, omadacycline, and eravacycline (with parenteral or oral formulations). In addition, sarecycline is very useful in treating acne vulgaris. Tetracyclines also have other non-antibiotic properties that require in-depth studies, such as the anti-inflammatory effect effect of sarecycline. The main side effects of modern tetracyclines are described in accordance with published clinical studies. Undoubtedly, this class of antibiotics continues to arouse the interest of researchers. As a result, new derivatives are developed and studied primarily for the antibiotic effect and other biological effects. MDPI 2021-12-05 /pmc/articles/PMC8707899/ /pubmed/34959366 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13122085 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Rusu, Aura
Buta, Emanuela Lorena
The Development of Third-Generation Tetracycline Antibiotics and New Perspectives
title The Development of Third-Generation Tetracycline Antibiotics and New Perspectives
title_full The Development of Third-Generation Tetracycline Antibiotics and New Perspectives
title_fullStr The Development of Third-Generation Tetracycline Antibiotics and New Perspectives
title_full_unstemmed The Development of Third-Generation Tetracycline Antibiotics and New Perspectives
title_short The Development of Third-Generation Tetracycline Antibiotics and New Perspectives
title_sort development of third-generation tetracycline antibiotics and new perspectives
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8707899/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34959366
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13122085
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