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Attenuation of Antibody Titers from 3 to 6 Months after the Second Dose of the BNT162b2 Vaccine Depends on Sex, with Age and Smoking Risk Factors for Lower Antibody Titers at 6 Months

Objective: We aimed to determine antibody titers at six months and their percentage change from three to six months after the second dose of the BNT162b2 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccine (Pfizer/BioNTech) and to explore clinical variables associated with titers in Japan. Methods: We...

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Autores principales: Nomura, Yushi, Sawahata, Michiru, Nakamura, Yosikazu, Koike, Ryousuke, Katsube, Otohiro, Hagiwara, Koichi, Niho, Seiji, Masuda, Norihiro, Tanaka, Takaaki, Sugiyama, Kumiya
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8708461/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34960246
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121500
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author Nomura, Yushi
Sawahata, Michiru
Nakamura, Yosikazu
Koike, Ryousuke
Katsube, Otohiro
Hagiwara, Koichi
Niho, Seiji
Masuda, Norihiro
Tanaka, Takaaki
Sugiyama, Kumiya
author_facet Nomura, Yushi
Sawahata, Michiru
Nakamura, Yosikazu
Koike, Ryousuke
Katsube, Otohiro
Hagiwara, Koichi
Niho, Seiji
Masuda, Norihiro
Tanaka, Takaaki
Sugiyama, Kumiya
author_sort Nomura, Yushi
collection PubMed
description Objective: We aimed to determine antibody titers at six months and their percentage change from three to six months after the second dose of the BNT162b2 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccine (Pfizer/BioNTech) and to explore clinical variables associated with titers in Japan. Methods: We enrolled 365 healthcare workers (250 women, 115 men) whose three-month antibody titers were analyzed in our previous study and whose blood samples were collected 183 ± 15 days after the second dose. Participant characteristics, collected previously, were used. The relationships of these factors with antibody titers at six months and percentage changes in antibody titers from three to six months were analyzed. Results: Median age was 44 years. Median antibody titer at six months was 539 U/mL. Older participants had significantly lower antibody titers (20s, 752 U/mL; 60s–70s, 365 U/mL). In age-adjusted analysis, smoking was the only factor associated with lower antibody titers. Median percentage change in antibody titers from three to six months was −29.4%. The only factor significantly associated with the percentage change in Ab titers was not age or smoking, but sex (women, −31.6%; men, −25.1%). Conclusion: The most important factors associated with lower antibody titers at six months were age and smoking, as at three months, probably reflecting their effect on peak antibody titers. However, the only factor significantly associated with the attenuation in Ab titers from three to six months was sex, which reduced the sex difference seen during the first three months. Antibody titers may be affected by different factors at different time points.
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spelling pubmed-87084612021-12-25 Attenuation of Antibody Titers from 3 to 6 Months after the Second Dose of the BNT162b2 Vaccine Depends on Sex, with Age and Smoking Risk Factors for Lower Antibody Titers at 6 Months Nomura, Yushi Sawahata, Michiru Nakamura, Yosikazu Koike, Ryousuke Katsube, Otohiro Hagiwara, Koichi Niho, Seiji Masuda, Norihiro Tanaka, Takaaki Sugiyama, Kumiya Vaccines (Basel) Article Objective: We aimed to determine antibody titers at six months and their percentage change from three to six months after the second dose of the BNT162b2 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccine (Pfizer/BioNTech) and to explore clinical variables associated with titers in Japan. Methods: We enrolled 365 healthcare workers (250 women, 115 men) whose three-month antibody titers were analyzed in our previous study and whose blood samples were collected 183 ± 15 days after the second dose. Participant characteristics, collected previously, were used. The relationships of these factors with antibody titers at six months and percentage changes in antibody titers from three to six months were analyzed. Results: Median age was 44 years. Median antibody titer at six months was 539 U/mL. Older participants had significantly lower antibody titers (20s, 752 U/mL; 60s–70s, 365 U/mL). In age-adjusted analysis, smoking was the only factor associated with lower antibody titers. Median percentage change in antibody titers from three to six months was −29.4%. The only factor significantly associated with the percentage change in Ab titers was not age or smoking, but sex (women, −31.6%; men, −25.1%). Conclusion: The most important factors associated with lower antibody titers at six months were age and smoking, as at three months, probably reflecting their effect on peak antibody titers. However, the only factor significantly associated with the attenuation in Ab titers from three to six months was sex, which reduced the sex difference seen during the first three months. Antibody titers may be affected by different factors at different time points. MDPI 2021-12-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8708461/ /pubmed/34960246 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121500 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Nomura, Yushi
Sawahata, Michiru
Nakamura, Yosikazu
Koike, Ryousuke
Katsube, Otohiro
Hagiwara, Koichi
Niho, Seiji
Masuda, Norihiro
Tanaka, Takaaki
Sugiyama, Kumiya
Attenuation of Antibody Titers from 3 to 6 Months after the Second Dose of the BNT162b2 Vaccine Depends on Sex, with Age and Smoking Risk Factors for Lower Antibody Titers at 6 Months
title Attenuation of Antibody Titers from 3 to 6 Months after the Second Dose of the BNT162b2 Vaccine Depends on Sex, with Age and Smoking Risk Factors for Lower Antibody Titers at 6 Months
title_full Attenuation of Antibody Titers from 3 to 6 Months after the Second Dose of the BNT162b2 Vaccine Depends on Sex, with Age and Smoking Risk Factors for Lower Antibody Titers at 6 Months
title_fullStr Attenuation of Antibody Titers from 3 to 6 Months after the Second Dose of the BNT162b2 Vaccine Depends on Sex, with Age and Smoking Risk Factors for Lower Antibody Titers at 6 Months
title_full_unstemmed Attenuation of Antibody Titers from 3 to 6 Months after the Second Dose of the BNT162b2 Vaccine Depends on Sex, with Age and Smoking Risk Factors for Lower Antibody Titers at 6 Months
title_short Attenuation of Antibody Titers from 3 to 6 Months after the Second Dose of the BNT162b2 Vaccine Depends on Sex, with Age and Smoking Risk Factors for Lower Antibody Titers at 6 Months
title_sort attenuation of antibody titers from 3 to 6 months after the second dose of the bnt162b2 vaccine depends on sex, with age and smoking risk factors for lower antibody titers at 6 months
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8708461/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34960246
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121500
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