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Botulinum Toxin Therapy in Writer’s Cramp and Musician’s Dystonia

Task-specific focal dystonia is characterized by muscle contraction(s) during a specific task, resulting in abnormal postures or movements. Specifically, writer’s cramp involves the upper extremity during the act of writing. Musician’s dystonia has a highly variable presentation, and thus makes ther...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Zakin, Elina, Simpson, David M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8708945/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34941736
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13120899
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author Zakin, Elina
Simpson, David M.
author_facet Zakin, Elina
Simpson, David M.
author_sort Zakin, Elina
collection PubMed
description Task-specific focal dystonia is characterized by muscle contraction(s) during a specific task, resulting in abnormal postures or movements. Specifically, writer’s cramp involves the upper extremity during the act of writing. Musician’s dystonia has a highly variable presentation, and thus makes therapeutic options more limited. Treatments include oral pharmacologic agents, neuromodulation, surgery and, most often, botulinum toxin (BoNT) injection. Selection of target muscles for toxin injection continues to be an area of active research for these task-specific movements. We present a review of the literature selected from a predefined search of the MEDLINE and ClinicalTrials.gov databases. We include six controlled studies of botulinum toxin for the management of writer’s cramp and focal task-specific dystonia (FTSD), including musician’s dystonia. Overall, 139 patients were included across all studies, with 99 individuals injected for writer’s cramp and the remaining 40 individuals with FTSD. The age range of all patients was 18–80 years old. We included studies that utilized only the BoNT-A serotype. These studies utilized various severity scales to quantify response to toxin injection, with ratings of instrument or pen control included as subjective ratings. Of the included 139 patients in this review, pooled data for toxin response show that 73% of patients who received the drug demonstrated improvement. Specific techniques for muscle localization and targeting were difficult to study as variable methods were employed. This remains an area of ongoing exploration.
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spelling pubmed-87089452021-12-25 Botulinum Toxin Therapy in Writer’s Cramp and Musician’s Dystonia Zakin, Elina Simpson, David M. Toxins (Basel) Review Task-specific focal dystonia is characterized by muscle contraction(s) during a specific task, resulting in abnormal postures or movements. Specifically, writer’s cramp involves the upper extremity during the act of writing. Musician’s dystonia has a highly variable presentation, and thus makes therapeutic options more limited. Treatments include oral pharmacologic agents, neuromodulation, surgery and, most often, botulinum toxin (BoNT) injection. Selection of target muscles for toxin injection continues to be an area of active research for these task-specific movements. We present a review of the literature selected from a predefined search of the MEDLINE and ClinicalTrials.gov databases. We include six controlled studies of botulinum toxin for the management of writer’s cramp and focal task-specific dystonia (FTSD), including musician’s dystonia. Overall, 139 patients were included across all studies, with 99 individuals injected for writer’s cramp and the remaining 40 individuals with FTSD. The age range of all patients was 18–80 years old. We included studies that utilized only the BoNT-A serotype. These studies utilized various severity scales to quantify response to toxin injection, with ratings of instrument or pen control included as subjective ratings. Of the included 139 patients in this review, pooled data for toxin response show that 73% of patients who received the drug demonstrated improvement. Specific techniques for muscle localization and targeting were difficult to study as variable methods were employed. This remains an area of ongoing exploration. MDPI 2021-12-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8708945/ /pubmed/34941736 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13120899 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Zakin, Elina
Simpson, David M.
Botulinum Toxin Therapy in Writer’s Cramp and Musician’s Dystonia
title Botulinum Toxin Therapy in Writer’s Cramp and Musician’s Dystonia
title_full Botulinum Toxin Therapy in Writer’s Cramp and Musician’s Dystonia
title_fullStr Botulinum Toxin Therapy in Writer’s Cramp and Musician’s Dystonia
title_full_unstemmed Botulinum Toxin Therapy in Writer’s Cramp and Musician’s Dystonia
title_short Botulinum Toxin Therapy in Writer’s Cramp and Musician’s Dystonia
title_sort botulinum toxin therapy in writer’s cramp and musician’s dystonia
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8708945/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34941736
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13120899
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