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Certain Environmental Conditions Maximize Ammonium Accumulation and Minimize Nitrogen Loss During Nitrate Reduction Process by Pseudomonas putida Y-9
Realizing the smallest nitrogen loss is a challenge in the nitrate reduction process. Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) and nitrate assimilation play crucial roles in nitrogen retention. In this study, the effects of the carbon source, C/N ratio, pH, and dissolved oxygen on the mult...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8710668/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34966364 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.764241 |
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author | Huang, Xuejiao Tie, Wenzhou Xie, Deti Jiang, Daihua Li, Zhenlun |
author_facet | Huang, Xuejiao Tie, Wenzhou Xie, Deti Jiang, Daihua Li, Zhenlun |
author_sort | Huang, Xuejiao |
collection | PubMed |
description | Realizing the smallest nitrogen loss is a challenge in the nitrate reduction process. Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) and nitrate assimilation play crucial roles in nitrogen retention. In this study, the effects of the carbon source, C/N ratio, pH, and dissolved oxygen on the multiple nitrate reduction pathways conducted by Pseudomonas putida Y-9 are explored. Strain Y-9 efficiently removed nitrate (up to 89.79%) with glucose as the sole carbon source, and the nitrogen loss in this system was 15.43%. The total nitrogen decrease and ammonium accumulation at a C/N ratio of 9 were lower than that at 12 and higher than that at 15, respectively (P < 0.05). Besides, neutral and alkaline conditions (pH 7–9) favored nitrate reduction. Largest nitrate removal (81.78%) and minimum nitrogen loss (10.63%) were observed at pH 7. The nitrate removal and ammonium production efficiencies of strain Y-9 increased due to an increased shaking speed. The expression patterns of nirBD (the gene that controls nitrate assimilation and DNRA) in strain Y-9 were similar to ammonium patterns of the tested incubation conditions. In summary, the following conditions facilitated nitrate assimilation and DNRA by strain Y-9, while reducing the denitrification: glucose as the carbon source, a C/N ratio of 9, a pH of 7, and a shaking speed of 150 rpm. Under these conditions, nitrate removal was substantial, and nitrogen loss from the system was minimal. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8710668 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87106682021-12-28 Certain Environmental Conditions Maximize Ammonium Accumulation and Minimize Nitrogen Loss During Nitrate Reduction Process by Pseudomonas putida Y-9 Huang, Xuejiao Tie, Wenzhou Xie, Deti Jiang, Daihua Li, Zhenlun Front Microbiol Microbiology Realizing the smallest nitrogen loss is a challenge in the nitrate reduction process. Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) and nitrate assimilation play crucial roles in nitrogen retention. In this study, the effects of the carbon source, C/N ratio, pH, and dissolved oxygen on the multiple nitrate reduction pathways conducted by Pseudomonas putida Y-9 are explored. Strain Y-9 efficiently removed nitrate (up to 89.79%) with glucose as the sole carbon source, and the nitrogen loss in this system was 15.43%. The total nitrogen decrease and ammonium accumulation at a C/N ratio of 9 were lower than that at 12 and higher than that at 15, respectively (P < 0.05). Besides, neutral and alkaline conditions (pH 7–9) favored nitrate reduction. Largest nitrate removal (81.78%) and minimum nitrogen loss (10.63%) were observed at pH 7. The nitrate removal and ammonium production efficiencies of strain Y-9 increased due to an increased shaking speed. The expression patterns of nirBD (the gene that controls nitrate assimilation and DNRA) in strain Y-9 were similar to ammonium patterns of the tested incubation conditions. In summary, the following conditions facilitated nitrate assimilation and DNRA by strain Y-9, while reducing the denitrification: glucose as the carbon source, a C/N ratio of 9, a pH of 7, and a shaking speed of 150 rpm. Under these conditions, nitrate removal was substantial, and nitrogen loss from the system was minimal. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-12-13 /pmc/articles/PMC8710668/ /pubmed/34966364 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.764241 Text en Copyright © 2021 Huang, Tie, Xie, Jiang and Li. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Huang, Xuejiao Tie, Wenzhou Xie, Deti Jiang, Daihua Li, Zhenlun Certain Environmental Conditions Maximize Ammonium Accumulation and Minimize Nitrogen Loss During Nitrate Reduction Process by Pseudomonas putida Y-9 |
title | Certain Environmental Conditions Maximize Ammonium Accumulation and Minimize Nitrogen Loss During Nitrate Reduction Process by Pseudomonas putida Y-9 |
title_full | Certain Environmental Conditions Maximize Ammonium Accumulation and Minimize Nitrogen Loss During Nitrate Reduction Process by Pseudomonas putida Y-9 |
title_fullStr | Certain Environmental Conditions Maximize Ammonium Accumulation and Minimize Nitrogen Loss During Nitrate Reduction Process by Pseudomonas putida Y-9 |
title_full_unstemmed | Certain Environmental Conditions Maximize Ammonium Accumulation and Minimize Nitrogen Loss During Nitrate Reduction Process by Pseudomonas putida Y-9 |
title_short | Certain Environmental Conditions Maximize Ammonium Accumulation and Minimize Nitrogen Loss During Nitrate Reduction Process by Pseudomonas putida Y-9 |
title_sort | certain environmental conditions maximize ammonium accumulation and minimize nitrogen loss during nitrate reduction process by pseudomonas putida y-9 |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8710668/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34966364 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.764241 |
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