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Local Brain-Age: A U-Net Model
We propose a new framework for estimating neuroimaging-derived “brain-age” at a local level within the brain, using deep learning. The local approach, contrary to existing global methods, provides spatial information on anatomical patterns of brain ageing. We trained a U-Net model using brain MRI sc...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8710767/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34966266 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2021.761954 |
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author | Popescu, Sebastian G. Glocker, Ben Sharp, David J. Cole, James H. |
author_facet | Popescu, Sebastian G. Glocker, Ben Sharp, David J. Cole, James H. |
author_sort | Popescu, Sebastian G. |
collection | PubMed |
description | We propose a new framework for estimating neuroimaging-derived “brain-age” at a local level within the brain, using deep learning. The local approach, contrary to existing global methods, provides spatial information on anatomical patterns of brain ageing. We trained a U-Net model using brain MRI scans from n = 3,463 healthy people (aged 18–90 years) to produce individualised 3D maps of brain-predicted age. When testing on n = 692 healthy people, we found a median (across participant) mean absolute error (within participant) of 9.5 years. Performance was more accurate (MAE around 7 years) in the prefrontal cortex and periventricular areas. We also introduce a new voxelwise method to reduce the age-bias when predicting local brain-age “gaps.” To validate local brain-age predictions, we tested the model in people with mild cognitive impairment or dementia using data from OASIS3 (n = 267). Different local brain-age patterns were evident between healthy controls and people with mild cognitive impairment or dementia, particularly in subcortical regions such as the accumbens, putamen, pallidum, hippocampus, and amygdala. Comparing groups based on mean local brain-age over regions-of-interest resulted in large effects sizes, with Cohen's d values >1.5, for example when comparing people with stable and progressive mild cognitive impairment. Our local brain-age framework has the potential to provide spatial information leading to a more mechanistic understanding of individual differences in patterns of brain ageing in health and disease. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8710767 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87107672021-12-28 Local Brain-Age: A U-Net Model Popescu, Sebastian G. Glocker, Ben Sharp, David J. Cole, James H. Front Aging Neurosci Neuroscience We propose a new framework for estimating neuroimaging-derived “brain-age” at a local level within the brain, using deep learning. The local approach, contrary to existing global methods, provides spatial information on anatomical patterns of brain ageing. We trained a U-Net model using brain MRI scans from n = 3,463 healthy people (aged 18–90 years) to produce individualised 3D maps of brain-predicted age. When testing on n = 692 healthy people, we found a median (across participant) mean absolute error (within participant) of 9.5 years. Performance was more accurate (MAE around 7 years) in the prefrontal cortex and periventricular areas. We also introduce a new voxelwise method to reduce the age-bias when predicting local brain-age “gaps.” To validate local brain-age predictions, we tested the model in people with mild cognitive impairment or dementia using data from OASIS3 (n = 267). Different local brain-age patterns were evident between healthy controls and people with mild cognitive impairment or dementia, particularly in subcortical regions such as the accumbens, putamen, pallidum, hippocampus, and amygdala. Comparing groups based on mean local brain-age over regions-of-interest resulted in large effects sizes, with Cohen's d values >1.5, for example when comparing people with stable and progressive mild cognitive impairment. Our local brain-age framework has the potential to provide spatial information leading to a more mechanistic understanding of individual differences in patterns of brain ageing in health and disease. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-12-13 /pmc/articles/PMC8710767/ /pubmed/34966266 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2021.761954 Text en Copyright © 2021 Popescu, Glocker, Sharp and Cole. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Popescu, Sebastian G. Glocker, Ben Sharp, David J. Cole, James H. Local Brain-Age: A U-Net Model |
title | Local Brain-Age: A U-Net Model |
title_full | Local Brain-Age: A U-Net Model |
title_fullStr | Local Brain-Age: A U-Net Model |
title_full_unstemmed | Local Brain-Age: A U-Net Model |
title_short | Local Brain-Age: A U-Net Model |
title_sort | local brain-age: a u-net model |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8710767/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34966266 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2021.761954 |
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