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Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Seed Hull Waste: Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and Filler Performance in Pectin-Based Film Composites
Helianthus annuus L. seed hull is an abundant waste of the edible oil industry. To envisage potential applications of this waste, here, we aimed to analyze the chemical composition of milled sunflower hulls (SP), constituted mainly by 210 μm (51.4%) and 420 μm (27.6%) average mesh particle sizes. SP...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8715094/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34977120 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.777214 |
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author | De'Nobili, Maria D. Bernhardt, Dana C. Basanta, Maria F. Rojas, Ana M. |
author_facet | De'Nobili, Maria D. Bernhardt, Dana C. Basanta, Maria F. Rojas, Ana M. |
author_sort | De'Nobili, Maria D. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Helianthus annuus L. seed hull is an abundant waste of the edible oil industry. To envisage potential applications of this waste, here, we aimed to analyze the chemical composition of milled sunflower hulls (SP), constituted mainly by 210 μm (51.4%) and 420 μm (27.6%) average mesh particle sizes. SP contained almost 30% of cellulose, 26.4% of lignin, 38.5% of neutral sugars, mainly hemicelluloses, and only 1.3% of proteins. The important lignin content and low pectin content (4.0% of uronic acids) present in SP were both ascribed to its low hydrophilic behavior and hydration capacity. Phenolic compounds were mostly proanthocyanidins (168 mg/100 g SP), with lower amounts of extractable (31.4 mg/100 g SP) phenolics (O-caffeoylquinic acid), all of them associated with the DPPH radical scavenging capacity (95 mg ascorbic acid equiv./100 g) and ferric reducing power (FRAP: 152 mg ascorbic acid equiv./100 g) shown by SP. Esterified ferulic acid (52.9 mg/100 g SP) was also found, mostly as monomers and trimers. SP of 53 μm particle size was then assayed as a filler (0, 5, 8, and 12% concentrations) in calcium low methoxyl pectin-based films, which showed antioxidant capacity (DPPH and FRAP assays) in an SP-concentration-dependent manner. SP showed homogeneous dispersion in composite films equilibrated at 57.7% relative humidity. Water content decreased while film thickness increased with SP concentration. When loaded at a 12% level, the presence of 53-μm SP decreased the water vapor permeability and increased the normal stress at film fracture. Sunflower hulls can then be applied to the development of active materials like 12% SP film, which can be proposed as a food slice antioxidant separator to be investigated in a future work. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8715094 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-87150942021-12-30 Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Seed Hull Waste: Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and Filler Performance in Pectin-Based Film Composites De'Nobili, Maria D. Bernhardt, Dana C. Basanta, Maria F. Rojas, Ana M. Front Nutr Nutrition Helianthus annuus L. seed hull is an abundant waste of the edible oil industry. To envisage potential applications of this waste, here, we aimed to analyze the chemical composition of milled sunflower hulls (SP), constituted mainly by 210 μm (51.4%) and 420 μm (27.6%) average mesh particle sizes. SP contained almost 30% of cellulose, 26.4% of lignin, 38.5% of neutral sugars, mainly hemicelluloses, and only 1.3% of proteins. The important lignin content and low pectin content (4.0% of uronic acids) present in SP were both ascribed to its low hydrophilic behavior and hydration capacity. Phenolic compounds were mostly proanthocyanidins (168 mg/100 g SP), with lower amounts of extractable (31.4 mg/100 g SP) phenolics (O-caffeoylquinic acid), all of them associated with the DPPH radical scavenging capacity (95 mg ascorbic acid equiv./100 g) and ferric reducing power (FRAP: 152 mg ascorbic acid equiv./100 g) shown by SP. Esterified ferulic acid (52.9 mg/100 g SP) was also found, mostly as monomers and trimers. SP of 53 μm particle size was then assayed as a filler (0, 5, 8, and 12% concentrations) in calcium low methoxyl pectin-based films, which showed antioxidant capacity (DPPH and FRAP assays) in an SP-concentration-dependent manner. SP showed homogeneous dispersion in composite films equilibrated at 57.7% relative humidity. Water content decreased while film thickness increased with SP concentration. When loaded at a 12% level, the presence of 53-μm SP decreased the water vapor permeability and increased the normal stress at film fracture. Sunflower hulls can then be applied to the development of active materials like 12% SP film, which can be proposed as a food slice antioxidant separator to be investigated in a future work. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-12-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8715094/ /pubmed/34977120 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.777214 Text en Copyright © 2021 De'Nobili, Bernhardt, Basanta and Rojas. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Nutrition De'Nobili, Maria D. Bernhardt, Dana C. Basanta, Maria F. Rojas, Ana M. Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Seed Hull Waste: Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and Filler Performance in Pectin-Based Film Composites |
title | Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Seed Hull Waste: Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and Filler Performance in Pectin-Based Film Composites |
title_full | Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Seed Hull Waste: Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and Filler Performance in Pectin-Based Film Composites |
title_fullStr | Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Seed Hull Waste: Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and Filler Performance in Pectin-Based Film Composites |
title_full_unstemmed | Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Seed Hull Waste: Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and Filler Performance in Pectin-Based Film Composites |
title_short | Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Seed Hull Waste: Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and Filler Performance in Pectin-Based Film Composites |
title_sort | sunflower (helianthus annuus l.) seed hull waste: composition, antioxidant activity, and filler performance in pectin-based film composites |
topic | Nutrition |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8715094/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34977120 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.777214 |
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