Traumatic neuroma at the mastectomy site, unusual benign lesion, mimicking tumor recurrence: A report of two cases

Traumatic neuroma is not a true neoplasm but a reparative proliferation of axons, Schwann cells, and fibroblasts at the proximal end of transected or injured nerves resulting from trauma or surgery. Breast traumatic neuroma after breast surgery, with or without clinical symptoms, has rarely been reported. Once found, it should be differentiated from tumor recurrence, and tissue confirmation is necessary, although it is small in size and demonstrates a benign appearance in imaging studies. Herein, we present two cases of traumatic neuroma at the mastectomy site. They were incidentally encountered during ultrasound evaluation of mastectomy beds given concerns for potential recurrence or malignancy, and pathologic confirmation by ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy was sufficient for the diagnosis.