Depression, suicidal ideation, and suicidal behaviors among dental students of Neo-state capital region in India

BACKGROUND: The challenges of dental education place students at high risk of stress. Because dental education is a highly demanding and challenging course, placing heavy demands on the mental resources of the students, making them vulnerable to high levels of stress, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of depression, suicidal ideation, and suicidal behaviors in dental students. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done on a convenience sample of 388 dental students in a teaching dental institution. Data were collected using standard, prevalidated, self-administered questionnaires (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Suicidal Behaviours Questionnaire-Revised [SBQ-R]). Analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and logistic regression were performed. RESULTS: At least half of the students were in major depression with different levels of severity. When students from different years were analyzed, majority from each year fell under II and III categories (P < 0.001). Most of the students reported that they do not have any suicidal ideation or behavior (SBQ-R). Nearly 16% of the students either presented the threat of suicidal attempt or likelihood of suicidal behavior in future. Almost 13% of the dental students thought of killing themselves in the past year for at least two times. Around 16% of them expressed to someone about their thought of committing suicide. CONCLUSION: Even though depression and suicidal tendencies were not prominent in dental students, there is a need to shed light on those who responded positively and take necessary reforms to relieve academic stress.