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Exercise-Induced Cardiac Fatigue in Soldiers Assessed by Echocardiography

Background: Echocardiographic signs of exercise-induced cardiac fatigue (EICF) have been described after strenuous endurance exercise. Nevertheless, few data are available on the effects of repeated strenuous exercise, especially when associated with other constraints as sleep deprivation or mental...

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Autores principales: Charton, Marion, Kervio, Gäelle, Matelot, David, Lachard, Thibault, Galli, Elena, Donal, Erwan, Carré, François, Le Douairon Lahaye, Solène, Schnell, Frédéric
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8720761/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34988130
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2021.785869
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author Charton, Marion
Kervio, Gäelle
Matelot, David
Lachard, Thibault
Galli, Elena
Donal, Erwan
Carré, François
Le Douairon Lahaye, Solène
Schnell, Frédéric
author_facet Charton, Marion
Kervio, Gäelle
Matelot, David
Lachard, Thibault
Galli, Elena
Donal, Erwan
Carré, François
Le Douairon Lahaye, Solène
Schnell, Frédéric
author_sort Charton, Marion
collection PubMed
description Background: Echocardiographic signs of exercise-induced cardiac fatigue (EICF) have been described after strenuous endurance exercise. Nevertheless, few data are available on the effects of repeated strenuous exercise, especially when associated with other constraints as sleep deprivation or mental stress which occur during military selection boot camps. Furthermore, we aimed to study the influence of experience and training level on potential EICF signs. Methods: Two groups of trained soldiers were included, elite soldiers from the French Navy Special Forces (elite; n = 20) and non-elite officer cadets from a French military academy (non-elite; n = 38). All underwent echocardiography before and immediately after exposure to several days of uninterrupted intense exercise during their selection boot camps. Changes in myocardial morphology and function of the 4 cardiac chambers were assessed. Results: Exercise-induced decrease in right and left atrial and ventricular functions were demonstrated with 2D-strain parameters in both groups. Indeed, both atrial reservoir strain, RV and LV longitudinal strain and LV global constructive work were altered. Increase in LV mechanical dispersion assessed by 2D-strain and alteration of conventional parameters of diastolic function (increase in E/e' and decrease in e') were solely observed in the non-elite group. Conventional parameters of LV and RV systolic function (LVEF, RVFAC, TAPSE, s mitral, and tricuspid waves) were not modified. Conclusions: Alterations of myocardial functions are observed in soldiers after uninterrupted prolonged intense exercise performed during selection boot camps. These alterations occur both in elite and non-elite soldiers. 2D-strain is more sensitive to detect EICF than conventional echocardiographic parameters.
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spelling pubmed-87207612022-01-04 Exercise-Induced Cardiac Fatigue in Soldiers Assessed by Echocardiography Charton, Marion Kervio, Gäelle Matelot, David Lachard, Thibault Galli, Elena Donal, Erwan Carré, François Le Douairon Lahaye, Solène Schnell, Frédéric Front Cardiovasc Med Cardiovascular Medicine Background: Echocardiographic signs of exercise-induced cardiac fatigue (EICF) have been described after strenuous endurance exercise. Nevertheless, few data are available on the effects of repeated strenuous exercise, especially when associated with other constraints as sleep deprivation or mental stress which occur during military selection boot camps. Furthermore, we aimed to study the influence of experience and training level on potential EICF signs. Methods: Two groups of trained soldiers were included, elite soldiers from the French Navy Special Forces (elite; n = 20) and non-elite officer cadets from a French military academy (non-elite; n = 38). All underwent echocardiography before and immediately after exposure to several days of uninterrupted intense exercise during their selection boot camps. Changes in myocardial morphology and function of the 4 cardiac chambers were assessed. Results: Exercise-induced decrease in right and left atrial and ventricular functions were demonstrated with 2D-strain parameters in both groups. Indeed, both atrial reservoir strain, RV and LV longitudinal strain and LV global constructive work were altered. Increase in LV mechanical dispersion assessed by 2D-strain and alteration of conventional parameters of diastolic function (increase in E/e' and decrease in e') were solely observed in the non-elite group. Conventional parameters of LV and RV systolic function (LVEF, RVFAC, TAPSE, s mitral, and tricuspid waves) were not modified. Conclusions: Alterations of myocardial functions are observed in soldiers after uninterrupted prolonged intense exercise performed during selection boot camps. These alterations occur both in elite and non-elite soldiers. 2D-strain is more sensitive to detect EICF than conventional echocardiographic parameters. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-12-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8720761/ /pubmed/34988130 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2021.785869 Text en Copyright © 2021 Charton, Kervio, Matelot, Lachard, Galli, Donal, Carré, Le Douairon Lahaye and Schnell. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cardiovascular Medicine
Charton, Marion
Kervio, Gäelle
Matelot, David
Lachard, Thibault
Galli, Elena
Donal, Erwan
Carré, François
Le Douairon Lahaye, Solène
Schnell, Frédéric
Exercise-Induced Cardiac Fatigue in Soldiers Assessed by Echocardiography
title Exercise-Induced Cardiac Fatigue in Soldiers Assessed by Echocardiography
title_full Exercise-Induced Cardiac Fatigue in Soldiers Assessed by Echocardiography
title_fullStr Exercise-Induced Cardiac Fatigue in Soldiers Assessed by Echocardiography
title_full_unstemmed Exercise-Induced Cardiac Fatigue in Soldiers Assessed by Echocardiography
title_short Exercise-Induced Cardiac Fatigue in Soldiers Assessed by Echocardiography
title_sort exercise-induced cardiac fatigue in soldiers assessed by echocardiography
topic Cardiovascular Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8720761/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34988130
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2021.785869
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