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Effect of the interaction between physical activity and estimated macronutrient intake on HbA1c: population-based cross-sectional and longitudinal studies

INTRODUCTION: Healthy diet and physical activity (PA) are essential for preventing type 2 diabetes, particularly, a combination of diet and PA. However, reports on interaction between PA and diet, especially from large epidemiological studies, are limited. We investigated the effect of interaction b...

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Autores principales: Furukawa, Takuma, Nishida, Yuichiro, Hara, Megumi, Shimanoe, Chisato, Koga, Kayoko, Iwasaka, Chiharu, Higaki, Yasuki, Tanaka, Keitaro, Nakashima, Ryoko, Ikezaki, Hiroaki, Hishida, Asahi, Tamura, Takashi, Kato, Yasufumi, Tamada, Yudai, Matsuo, Keitaro, Ito, Hidemi, Mikami, Haruo, Kusakabe, Miho, Ibusuki, Rie, Shibuya, Keiichi, Suzuki, Sadao, Nakagawa-Senda, Hiroko, Ozaki, Etsuko, Matsui, Daisuke, Kuriki, Kiyonori, Nakamura, Yasuyuki, Kadota, Aya, Arisawa, Kokichi, Katsuura-Kamano, Sakurako, Takeuchi, Kenji, Wakai, Kenji
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BMJ Publishing Group 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8724736/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34980592
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002479
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author Furukawa, Takuma
Nishida, Yuichiro
Hara, Megumi
Shimanoe, Chisato
Koga, Kayoko
Iwasaka, Chiharu
Higaki, Yasuki
Tanaka, Keitaro
Nakashima, Ryoko
Ikezaki, Hiroaki
Hishida, Asahi
Tamura, Takashi
Kato, Yasufumi
Tamada, Yudai
Matsuo, Keitaro
Ito, Hidemi
Mikami, Haruo
Kusakabe, Miho
Ibusuki, Rie
Shibuya, Keiichi
Suzuki, Sadao
Nakagawa-Senda, Hiroko
Ozaki, Etsuko
Matsui, Daisuke
Kuriki, Kiyonori
Nakamura, Yasuyuki
Kadota, Aya
Arisawa, Kokichi
Katsuura-Kamano, Sakurako
Takeuchi, Kenji
Wakai, Kenji
author_facet Furukawa, Takuma
Nishida, Yuichiro
Hara, Megumi
Shimanoe, Chisato
Koga, Kayoko
Iwasaka, Chiharu
Higaki, Yasuki
Tanaka, Keitaro
Nakashima, Ryoko
Ikezaki, Hiroaki
Hishida, Asahi
Tamura, Takashi
Kato, Yasufumi
Tamada, Yudai
Matsuo, Keitaro
Ito, Hidemi
Mikami, Haruo
Kusakabe, Miho
Ibusuki, Rie
Shibuya, Keiichi
Suzuki, Sadao
Nakagawa-Senda, Hiroko
Ozaki, Etsuko
Matsui, Daisuke
Kuriki, Kiyonori
Nakamura, Yasuyuki
Kadota, Aya
Arisawa, Kokichi
Katsuura-Kamano, Sakurako
Takeuchi, Kenji
Wakai, Kenji
author_sort Furukawa, Takuma
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Healthy diet and physical activity (PA) are essential for preventing type 2 diabetes, particularly, a combination of diet and PA. However, reports on interaction between PA and diet, especially from large epidemiological studies, are limited. We investigated the effect of interaction between PA and macronutrient intake on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in the general population. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 55 469 men and women without diabetes who participated in the baseline survey of the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study. A self-administered questionnaire ascertained PA and macronutrient intake (carbohydrate, fat, and protein). Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to adjust for confounding variables and examine the interactions. In addition, we conducted a longitudinal study during a 5-year period within a subcohort (n=6881) with accelerometer-assessed PA data. RESULTS: Overall, PA had a weak inverse association (β=−0.00033, p=0.049) and carbohydrate intake had a strong positive association (β=0.00393, p<0.001) with HbA1c. We observed a tendency of interactions between PA and carbohydrate or fat intake, but not protein intake, on HbA1c levels after adjusting for age, sex, study area, total energy intake, alcohol consumption, smoking, and medication for hypertension or hypercholesterolemia (P(interaction)=0.054, 0.006, and 0.156, respectively). The inverse associations between PA and HbA1c level were more evident in participants with high-carbohydrate (or low-fat) intake than in participants with low-carbohydrate (or high-fat) intake. Although further adjustment for body mass index slightly attenuated the above interactions (P(interaction)=0.098 for carbohydrate and 0.068 for fat), the associations between PA and HbA1c level in stratified analyses remained unchanged. Similar associations and interactions were reproduced in the longitudinal study. CONCLUSIONS: The present results suggest that the effect of PA on HbA1c levels is modified by intake of macronutrient composition.
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spelling pubmed-87247362022-01-18 Effect of the interaction between physical activity and estimated macronutrient intake on HbA1c: population-based cross-sectional and longitudinal studies Furukawa, Takuma Nishida, Yuichiro Hara, Megumi Shimanoe, Chisato Koga, Kayoko Iwasaka, Chiharu Higaki, Yasuki Tanaka, Keitaro Nakashima, Ryoko Ikezaki, Hiroaki Hishida, Asahi Tamura, Takashi Kato, Yasufumi Tamada, Yudai Matsuo, Keitaro Ito, Hidemi Mikami, Haruo Kusakabe, Miho Ibusuki, Rie Shibuya, Keiichi Suzuki, Sadao Nakagawa-Senda, Hiroko Ozaki, Etsuko Matsui, Daisuke Kuriki, Kiyonori Nakamura, Yasuyuki Kadota, Aya Arisawa, Kokichi Katsuura-Kamano, Sakurako Takeuchi, Kenji Wakai, Kenji BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care Epidemiology/Health services research INTRODUCTION: Healthy diet and physical activity (PA) are essential for preventing type 2 diabetes, particularly, a combination of diet and PA. However, reports on interaction between PA and diet, especially from large epidemiological studies, are limited. We investigated the effect of interaction between PA and macronutrient intake on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in the general population. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 55 469 men and women without diabetes who participated in the baseline survey of the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study. A self-administered questionnaire ascertained PA and macronutrient intake (carbohydrate, fat, and protein). Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to adjust for confounding variables and examine the interactions. In addition, we conducted a longitudinal study during a 5-year period within a subcohort (n=6881) with accelerometer-assessed PA data. RESULTS: Overall, PA had a weak inverse association (β=−0.00033, p=0.049) and carbohydrate intake had a strong positive association (β=0.00393, p<0.001) with HbA1c. We observed a tendency of interactions between PA and carbohydrate or fat intake, but not protein intake, on HbA1c levels after adjusting for age, sex, study area, total energy intake, alcohol consumption, smoking, and medication for hypertension or hypercholesterolemia (P(interaction)=0.054, 0.006, and 0.156, respectively). The inverse associations between PA and HbA1c level were more evident in participants with high-carbohydrate (or low-fat) intake than in participants with low-carbohydrate (or high-fat) intake. Although further adjustment for body mass index slightly attenuated the above interactions (P(interaction)=0.098 for carbohydrate and 0.068 for fat), the associations between PA and HbA1c level in stratified analyses remained unchanged. Similar associations and interactions were reproduced in the longitudinal study. CONCLUSIONS: The present results suggest that the effect of PA on HbA1c levels is modified by intake of macronutrient composition. BMJ Publishing Group 2022-01-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8724736/ /pubmed/34980592 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002479 Text en © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Epidemiology/Health services research
Furukawa, Takuma
Nishida, Yuichiro
Hara, Megumi
Shimanoe, Chisato
Koga, Kayoko
Iwasaka, Chiharu
Higaki, Yasuki
Tanaka, Keitaro
Nakashima, Ryoko
Ikezaki, Hiroaki
Hishida, Asahi
Tamura, Takashi
Kato, Yasufumi
Tamada, Yudai
Matsuo, Keitaro
Ito, Hidemi
Mikami, Haruo
Kusakabe, Miho
Ibusuki, Rie
Shibuya, Keiichi
Suzuki, Sadao
Nakagawa-Senda, Hiroko
Ozaki, Etsuko
Matsui, Daisuke
Kuriki, Kiyonori
Nakamura, Yasuyuki
Kadota, Aya
Arisawa, Kokichi
Katsuura-Kamano, Sakurako
Takeuchi, Kenji
Wakai, Kenji
Effect of the interaction between physical activity and estimated macronutrient intake on HbA1c: population-based cross-sectional and longitudinal studies
title Effect of the interaction between physical activity and estimated macronutrient intake on HbA1c: population-based cross-sectional and longitudinal studies
title_full Effect of the interaction between physical activity and estimated macronutrient intake on HbA1c: population-based cross-sectional and longitudinal studies
title_fullStr Effect of the interaction between physical activity and estimated macronutrient intake on HbA1c: population-based cross-sectional and longitudinal studies
title_full_unstemmed Effect of the interaction between physical activity and estimated macronutrient intake on HbA1c: population-based cross-sectional and longitudinal studies
title_short Effect of the interaction between physical activity and estimated macronutrient intake on HbA1c: population-based cross-sectional and longitudinal studies
title_sort effect of the interaction between physical activity and estimated macronutrient intake on hba1c: population-based cross-sectional and longitudinal studies
topic Epidemiology/Health services research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8724736/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34980592
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002479
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